Associate Professor, Faculty of Economic Sciences, HSE University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Econ Hum Biol. 2022 Aug;46:101147. doi: 10.1016/j.ehb.2022.101147. Epub 2022 May 11.
Time constraints contribute to individuals' dietary choices along with incomes, prices, and preferences. As fast food is prepared and served quickly, it is often preferred to other food options, especially when individuals are under time pressure. This paper focuses on a set of job-related characteristics that could potentially contribute to fast-food consumption choice, and controls for standard socio-demographic, economic, and lifestyle factors. This study uses data from a quantitative household survey on health behavior and medicine of Russian adults conducted in 2017 (n = 4006). The study applies simple probit, ordered probit, and zero-inflated ordered probit models to examine how job-related characteristics are connected to the probability and frequency of fast-food consumption among Russian adults. The results shows that employment is positively associated with both probability and frequency of fast-food consumption. However, for working adults, the decisions to eat fast food, and how frequently it is eaten, are affected by different factors. For example, working part time decreases the probability of fast-food consumption; having more than one job increases the frequency of its intake for fast-food consumers; having canteens with hot meals at work decreases the frequency of fast-food intake. Although job-related factors are significant in all models, marginal effects show that living in large cities, especially Moscow and Saint Petersburg, plays a larger role in the probability and frequency of fast-food consumption because access to various fast-food outlets increases in relation to the size of the settlement.
时间限制以及收入、价格和偏好等因素共同影响着个人的饮食选择。由于快餐准备和供应速度快，因此它通常比其他食物更受欢迎，尤其是在个人时间紧迫的情况下。本文关注的是一组可能导致快餐消费选择的与工作相关的特征，并控制了标准的社会人口、经济和生活方式因素。本研究使用了 2017 年对俄罗斯成年人健康行为和医学进行的一项定量家庭调查（n=4006）的数据。该研究应用简单概率、有序概率和零膨胀有序概率模型，研究了与工作相关的特征如何与俄罗斯成年人快餐消费的概率和频率相关联。结果表明，就业与快餐消费的概率和频率均呈正相关。然而，对于在职成年人来说，吃快餐的决定及其频率受到不同因素的影响。例如，兼职工作会降低快餐消费的概率；有一份以上的工作会增加快餐消费者的摄入频率；工作场所设有热餐食堂会降低快餐的摄入频率。尽管工作相关因素在所有模型中都很重要，但边际效应表明，居住在大城市，特别是莫斯科和圣彼得堡，对快餐消费的概率和频率影响更大，因为与居住地规模相比，各种快餐网点的数量增加了。
