Adams Jean, Goffe Louis, Brown Tamara, Lake Amelia A, Summerbell Carolyn, White Martin, Wrieden Wendy, Adamson Ashley J
Centre for Diet & Activity Research, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
Institute of Health & Society, Newcastle University, Baddiley-Clark Building, Richardson Road, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4AX, UK.
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2015 Apr 16;12:51. doi: 10.1186/s12966-015-0210-8.
Food prepared out-of-home tends to be less healthful than food prepared at home, with a positive association between frequency of consumption and both fat intake and body fatness. There is little current data on who eats out-of-home food. We explored frequency and socio-demographic correlates of eating meals out and take-away meals at home, using data from a large, UK, population representative study.
Data were from waves 1-4 of the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2008-12). Socio-demographic variables of interest were gender, age group, and socio-economic position. Self-reported frequency of consuming meals out and take-away meals at home was categorised as: less than once per week and once per week or more. Analyses were performed separately for adults (aged 18 years or older) and children.
Data from 2001 adults and 1963 children were included. More than one quarter (27.1%) of adults and one fifth (19.0%) of children ate meals out once per week or more. One fifth of adults (21.1%) and children (21.0%) ate take-away meals at home once per week or more. There were no gender differences in consumption of meals out, but more boys than girls ate take-away meals at home at least weekly. The proportion of participants eating both meals out and take-away meals at home at least weekly peaked in young adults aged 19-29 years. Adults living in more affluent households were more likely to eat meals out at least once per week, but children living in less affluent households were more likely to eat take-away meals at home at least once per week. There was no relationship between socio-economic position and consumption of take-away meals at home in adults.
One-fifth to one-quarter of individuals eat meals prepared out-of-home weekly. Interventions seeking to improve dietary intake by reducing consumption of out-of-home food may be more effective if tailored to and targeted at adults aged less than 30 years. It may also be important to develop interventions to help children and adolescents avoid becoming frequent consumers of out-of-home food.
外出就餐所准备的食物往往不如在家准备的健康，食用频率与脂肪摄入量和身体脂肪含量之间呈正相关。目前关于谁食用外出就餐食物的数据很少。我们利用来自英国一项大型人口代表性研究的数据，探讨了外出就餐和在家吃外卖的频率及其社会人口学相关因素。
数据来自英国国家饮食与营养调查（2008 - 2012年）的第1 - 4轮。感兴趣的社会人口学变量为性别、年龄组和社会经济地位。自我报告的外出就餐和在家吃外卖频率分为：每周少于一次和每周一次或更多。分别对成年人（18岁及以上）和儿童进行分析。
纳入了2001名成年人和1963名儿童的数据。超过四分之一（27.1%）的成年人和五分之一（19.0%）的儿童每周外出就餐一次或更多。五分之一的成年人（21.1%）和儿童（21.0%）每周在家吃外卖一次或更多。外出就餐的消费没有性别差异，但每周至少在家吃一次外卖的男孩比女孩多。每周至少外出就餐一次且在家吃外卖的参与者比例在19 - 29岁的年轻人中达到峰值。生活在较富裕家庭的成年人更有可能每周至少外出就餐一次，但生活在较贫困家庭的儿童更有可能每周至少在家吃一次外卖。成年人的社会经济地位与在家吃外卖的消费之间没有关系。
五分之一到四分之一的人每周食用外出准备的食物。旨在通过减少外出就餐食物消费来改善饮食摄入的干预措施，如果针对30岁以下成年人进行调整和靶向，可能会更有效。制定干预措施以帮助儿童和青少年避免频繁食用外出就餐食物也可能很重要。
