Departments of Radiology and Pediatrics, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th St., Bronx, NY, 10467, USA.
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Pediatr Radiol. 2022 Sep;52(10):1814-1825. doi: 10.1007/s00247-022-05386-8. Epub 2022 May 16.
Disorders of the respiratory system are common in children and imaging plays an important role for initial diagnosis and follow-up evaluation. Radiographs are typically the first-line imaging test for respiratory symptoms in children and, when advanced imaging is required, CT has been the most frequently used imaging modality. However, because of increasing concern about potentially harmful effects of ionizing radiation on children, there has been a shift toward MRI in pediatric imaging. Although MRI of chest in children presents many technical challenges, recent advances in MRI technology are overcoming many of these issues, and MRI is now being used for evaluating the lung and large airway in children at centers with expertise in pediatric chest MRI. In this article we review the state of pediatric lung and large airway imaging, with an emphasis on cross-sectional modalities and the roles of MRI versus CT.
呼吸系统疾病在儿童中很常见，影像学对于初始诊断和随访评估起着重要作用。对于儿童的呼吸系统症状，X 线摄影通常是一线影像学检查，如果需要进一步影像学检查，CT 是最常用的影像学方法。然而，由于对儿童电离辐射潜在有害影响的担忧日益增加，儿科影像学中已经转向 MRI。尽管儿童胸部 MRI 存在许多技术挑战，但 MRI 技术的最新进展克服了许多这些问题，现在在具有儿科胸部 MRI 专业知识的中心，MRI 正被用于评估肺部和大气道。本文综述了儿童肺部和大气道影像学的现状，重点介绍了横断面成像方式以及 MRI 与 CT 的作用。
