Teggart Kylie, Ganann Rebecca, Sihota Davneet, Moore Caroline, Keller Heather, Senson Christine, Phillips Stuart M, Neil-Sztramko Sarah E
School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Global Health Graduate Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Public Health Nutr. 2022 May 16;25(10):1-32. doi: 10.1017/S136898002200115X.
To identify the efficacy of group-based nutrition interventions to increase healthy eating, reduce nutrition risk, improve nutritional status and improve physical mobility among community-dwelling older adults.
Systematic review. Electronic databases MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Sociological Abstracts were searched on July 15, 2020 for studies published in English since January 2010. Study selection, critical appraisal (using the Joanna Briggs Institute's tools) and data extraction were performed in duplicate by two independent reviewers.
Nutrition interventions delivered to groups in community-based settings were eligible. Studies delivered in acute or long-term care settings were excluded.
Community-dwelling older adults aged 55+ years. Studies targeting specific disease populations or promoting weight loss were excluded.
Thirty-one experimental and quasi-experimental studies with generally unclear to high risk of bias were included. Interventions included nutrition education with behaviour change techniques (BCT) (e.g. goal setting, interactive cooking demonstrations) (n 21), didactic nutrition education (n 4), interactive nutrition education (n 2), food access (n 2) and nutrition education with BCT and food access (n 2). Group-based nutrition education with BCT demonstrated the most promise in improving food and fluid intake, nutritional status and healthy eating knowledge compared with baseline or control. The impact on mobility outcomes was unclear.
Group-based nutrition education with BCT demonstrated the most promise for improving healthy eating among community-dwelling older adults. Our findings should be interpreted with caution related to generally low certainty, unclear to high risk of bias and high heterogeneity across interventions and outcomes. Higher quality research in group-based nutrition education for older adults is needed.
确定基于小组的营养干预措施在增加社区居住老年人健康饮食、降低营养风险、改善营养状况和提高身体活动能力方面的效果。
系统评价。于2020年7月15日检索了电子数据库MEDLINE、CINAHL、EMBASE、PsycINFO和Sociological Abstracts，以查找自2010年1月以来发表的英文研究。由两名独立评审员重复进行研究选择、批判性评价（使用乔安娜·布里格斯研究所的工具）和数据提取。
符合条件的是在社区环境中对小组实施的营养干预措施。排除在急性或长期护理环境中实施的研究。
年龄在55岁及以上的社区居住老年人。排除针对特定疾病人群或促进减肥的研究。
纳入了31项实验性和准实验性研究，这些研究的偏倚风险总体上不明确至高风险。干预措施包括采用行为改变技术（BCT）的营养教育（如目标设定、互动烹饪示范）（n = 21）、讲授式营养教育（n = 4）、互动式营养教育（n = 2）、食物获取（n = 2）以及采用BCT和食物获取的营养教育（n = 2）。与基线或对照组相比，采用BCT的基于小组的营养教育在改善食物和液体摄入量、营养状况和健康饮食知识方面最具前景。对身体活动结果的影响不明确。
采用BCT的基于小组的营养教育在改善社区居住老年人的健康饮食方面最具前景。鉴于总体确定性较低、偏倚风险不明确至高风险以及干预措施和结果的高度异质性，我们的研究结果应谨慎解读。需要开展关于老年人基于小组的营养教育的更高质量研究。
