陪审员对典型暴力犯罪被告的看法。
Juror perceptions of the stereotypical violent crime defendant.
作者信息
Sorby Mariah, Kehn Andre
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA.
出版信息
Psychiatr Psychol Law. 2020 Nov 3;28(5):645-664. doi: 10.1080/13218719.2020.1821827. eCollection 2021.
Stereotypes and prejudice have been shown to bias information processing and decision-making. There are physical traits that are stereotypically associated with criminals (i.e. tattoos, dark skin-tone, facial untrustworthiness) and have been shown to influence juror decision-making. The current research aimed to investigate the effects of tattoos, facial trustworthiness and skin tone on juror case judgments and criminal appearance ratings, while also investigating and accounting for prejudice and motivation to respond without prejudice. Participants ( = 426) were asked to act as mock jurors in a hypothetical assault case by making case judgments and responding to appearance and attitude measures. Criminal appearance ratings indirectly mediated the relationship between physical traits and verdict decisions. Additionally, a significant interaction emerged between skin tone and racial prejudice on criminal appearance ratings, suggesting that the effects of physical traits may depend on individual attitudes. Implications and future directions are discussed.
已有研究表明，刻板印象和偏见会使信息处理和决策产生偏差。存在一些与罪犯刻板相关的身体特征（如纹身、深肤色、面部缺乏可信度），并且这些特征已被证明会影响陪审员的决策。当前的研究旨在调查纹身、面部可信度和肤色对陪审员案件判决及罪犯外貌评分的影响，同时也对偏见以及无偏见回应的动机进行调查和考量。参与者（n = 426）被要求在一个假设的袭击案件中充当模拟陪审员，做出案件判决并回答有关外貌和态度的问题。罪犯外貌评分间接介导了身体特征与判决决定之间的关系。此外，肤色和种族偏见在罪犯外貌评分上出现了显著的交互作用，这表明身体特征的影响可能取决于个人态度。本文讨论了研究的意义和未来方向。
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