Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Environ Res. 2022 Sep;212(Pt C):113485. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113485. Epub 2022 May 13.
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission from rubber products manufacture processes, mixing, shaping and vulcanization were investigated in four rubber products factories in China. The source emission air was passively sampled by pre-vacuumized stainless steel canister and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-flame ionization detection (GC/MS-FID). The species profile of 107 VOCs in the emission processes were obtained. We calculated the photochemical ozone formation potential (OFP) and carcinogenic risk (CR) of the VOCs for each manufacture process. The results showed that mixing process mainly released dichloromethane (14.53%), carbon disulfide (CS) (6.88%), styrene (5.72%), 4-methyl-2-pentanone (5.22%) and naphthalene (3.69%) for solvents used and raw rubber degradation in the process. The C6-C8 alkanes, especially heptane and isomers of heptane (44.71%), were dominated in shaping process. The major species released from vulcanization process were carbon disulfide (29.72%), naphthalene (8.17%), acetone (7.73%) and dichloromethane (4.26%). VOCs emitted from vulcanization process had the highest OFP, which contributed by naphthalene, m/p-xylene, o-xylene and carbon disulfide. VOCs emission from mixing process had the highest CR, and 1,2-dibromoethane, 1,2-dichlorethane and 1,3-butadiene were the main contributors to CR. We also estimated the total VOCs emissions into the atmosphere from tires manufacturing in China, which were 7.58 × 10 t in 2018 and contributed about 9% of total industry processes VOCs emissions.
研究了中国四家橡胶制品厂的橡胶制品制造过程（混合、成型和硫化）中的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）排放。源排放空气通过预抽空不锈钢罐被动采样，并通过气相色谱-质谱-火焰离子化检测（GC/MS-FID）进行分析。获得了排放过程中 107 种 VOCs 的物种分布。我们计算了每种制造工艺中 VOCs 的光化学臭氧形成潜力（OFP）和致癌风险（CR）。结果表明，混合过程主要释放二氯甲烷（14.53%）、二硫化碳（CS）（6.88%）、苯乙烯（5.72%）、4-甲基-2-戊酮（5.22%）和萘（3.69%），用于溶剂和过程中橡胶的降解。C6-C8 烷烃，特别是庚烷和庚烷异构体（44.71%），在成型过程中占主导地位。硫化过程释放的主要物质是二硫化碳（29.72%）、萘（8.17%）、丙酮（7.73%）和二氯甲烷（4.26%）。硫化过程排放的 VOCs 的 OFP 最高，由萘、间/对二甲苯、邻二甲苯和二硫化碳贡献。混合过程排放的 VOCs 的 CR 最高，1,2-二溴乙烷、1,2-二氯乙烷和 1,3-丁二烯是 CR 的主要贡献者。我们还估算了 2018 年中国轮胎制造业向大气排放的总 VOCs 量，为 7.58×10^4t，约占工业过程 VOCs 排放总量的 9%。
