A. Martinez-Strengel was a former postdoctoral pediatric hospitalist fellow, National Clinician Scholar Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, at the time of writing. Currently she is a pediatric hospitalist, Randall Children's Hospital, Legacy Health, Portland, Oregon.
E.A. Samuels is assistant professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
Acad Med. 2022 Sep 1;97(9):1346-1350. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000004747. Epub 2022 May 17.
To examine demographic characteristics of matriculants to U.S. MD-PhD programs by sex and race/ethnicity from academic years (AYs) 2009-2018 and explore the relationships between trends in the percentage of female and underrepresented minority (URM) matriculants to programs with and without Medical Scientist Training Program (MSTP) funding.
Linear regression and time trend analysis of the absolute percentage of matriculants into all U.S. MD-PhD programs was performed for self-reported sex and race/ethnicity, using Association of American Medical Colleges data for AYs 2009-2018, including an interaction for MSTP funding status (yes/no) and year. Linear regression of the percentage of programs matriculating no female or no URM students between AYs 2009 and 2018 was performed, focusing on programs in the top 3 quartiles by size (i.e., those matriculating 4 or more students per year).
Between AYs 2009 and 2018, the percentage of matriculants to all MD-PhD programs who were female (38.0%-46.0%, 1.05%/year, P = .002) or URM (9.8%-16.7%, 0.77%/year, P < .001) increased. The annual percentage gains of URM matriculants were greater at MSTP-funded programs compared with non-MSTP-funded programs (0.50%/year, P = .046). Moreover, among MD-PhD programs in the top 3 quartiles by size, the percentage of programs with no female matriculants decreased by 0.40% per year ( P = .02) from 4.6% in 2009 to 1.6% in 2018, and the percentage of programs with no URM matriculants decreased by 3.41% per year ( P < .001) from 49% in 2009 to 22% in 2018.
A consistent and sustained increase in the percentage of female and URM matriculants to MD-PhD programs from AYs 2009-2018 was observed, but the annual increases in the percentages across groups were small, and the demographics of the MD-PhD workforce still do not reflect the diversity of the U.S. general population.
按性别和种族/民族考察 2009-2018 学年美国医学博士-哲学博士（MD-PhD）项目新生的人口统计学特征，并探讨女学生和代表性不足少数族裔（URM）新生百分比与有和没有医学科学家培训计划（MSTP）资助的项目之间的关系。
使用美国医学院协会（Association of American Medical Colleges）2009-2018 学年的数据，对所有美国 MD-PhD 项目的自我报告性别和种族/民族的新生绝对百分比进行线性回归和时间趋势分析，包括 MSTP 资助状态（是/否）和年份的交互项。对 2009 至 2018 学年间没有女性或 URM 学生入学的项目百分比进行线性回归，重点关注规模在前 3 四分位数的项目（即每年招收 4 名或以上学生的项目）。
在 2009 至 2018 学年期间，所有 MD-PhD 项目的女学生（38.0%-46.0%，1.05%/年，P=.002）或 URM 学生（9.8%-16.7%，0.77%/年，P<.001）的入学比例增加。与非 MSTP 资助项目相比，MSTP 资助项目 URM 学生的入学比例年增长率更高（0.50%/年，P=.046）。此外，在规模在前 3 四分位数的 MD-PhD 项目中，每年没有女性入学的项目比例从 2009 年的 4.6%下降到 2018 年的 1.6%，每年没有 URM 入学的项目比例从 2009 年的 49%下降到 2018 年的 22%，降幅分别为 0.40%/年（P=.02）和 3.41%/年（P<.001）。
从 2009-2018 学年开始，MD-PhD 项目中女性和 URM 学生的入学比例持续且稳定增加，但各群体的年增长率较小，MD-PhD 劳动力的人口统计学特征仍未反映美国总人口的多样性。
