Department of Public Health, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, United States of America.
Waco Family Medicine, Waco, Texas, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2022 May 18;17(5):e0268429. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0268429. eCollection 2022.
Physical activity is essential to maintain physical and mental well-being. During the COVID-19 pandemic, in-person physical activity opportunities were limited. This paper describes a telephone-based physical activity support strategy among racially/ethnically diverse patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adult patients at a large, Federally Qualified Health Center with an on-site exercise facility referral were eligible to transition to telephone support with personal fitness advisors during the pandemic stay-at-home orders. Baseline surveys assessed physical activity and environmental characteristics; follow-up phone calls used motivational interviewing and physical activity goal setting strategies. From March 23-July 23, 2020, 72 patients participated in 270 phone calls, or 3.8 (±2.1) calls per participant. Participants were, on average, aged 51.3 (±11.6) years, 87.5% female, 31.9% Hispanic/Latino, and 47.2% non-Hispanic Black. Patients meeting physical activity guidelines pre-pandemic reported more planned exercise (100.0% vs. 55.3%; p<0.001), exercise days at home (5.0 vs. 1.7; p<0.001), and accomplishment of personal physical activity goals (57.0% vs. 39.7%; p = 0.11) than patients not meeting guidelines pre-pandemic. Patients with a home treadmill participated in twice the rate of calls compared to those without (RR = 2.22; 95%CI:1.35,3.64), but no other home environmental characteristics predicted participation rate. Pre-pandemic physical activity behavior appeared to predict pandemic physical activity and telephone-based physical activity support was effective for maintaining physical activity for some participants. Long term applications of this work will support continuity of clinic-community partnerships for health behavior change and provide a model for patient physical activity support by community health centers without on-site exercise facilities.
身体活动对于维持身心健康至关重要。在 COVID-19 大流行期间，面对面的身体活动机会受到限制。本文描述了在 COVID-19 大流行期间，针对不同种族/族裔的患者，通过电话提供身体活动支持的策略。在一家大型、有联邦认证的健康中心，有现场锻炼设施推荐的成年患者，如果在居家令期间需要过渡到与私人健身顾问进行电话支持，则符合条件。基线调查评估了身体活动和环境特征；后续电话使用动机访谈和身体活动目标设定策略。从 2020 年 3 月 23 日至 7 月 23 日，共有 72 名患者参加了 270 次电话咨询，平均每位患者 3.8（±2.1）次。参与者平均年龄为 51.3（±11.6）岁，87.5%为女性，31.9%为西班牙裔/拉丁裔，47.2%为非西班牙裔黑人。与不符合指南的患者相比，在大流行前符合身体活动指南的患者报告了更多的计划锻炼（100.0% vs. 55.3%；p<0.001）、在家锻炼的天数（5.0 天 vs. 1.7 天；p<0.001）和个人身体活动目标的实现率（57.0% vs. 39.7%；p=0.11）。家中有跑步机的患者的电话咨询率是家中没有跑步机的患者的两倍（RR=2.22；95%CI：1.35，3.64），但其他家庭环境特征与参与率无预测关系。大流行前的身体活动行为似乎预测了大流行期间的身体活动，而基于电话的身体活动支持对于一些参与者保持身体活动是有效的。这项工作的长期应用将支持诊所-社区伙伴关系的连续性，以促进健康行为的改变，并为没有现场锻炼设施的社区健康中心提供患者身体活动支持的模式。
