Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (DECA), Engineering Sciences and Global Development (EScGD), Barcelona School of Civil Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya BarcelonaTech, Barcelona, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 10;838(Pt 2):156005. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156005. Epub 2022 May 16.
Monitoring of access to water and sanitation services is stipulated in Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 6.1 and 6.2, respectively. The monitoring is carried out with a global, regional and country vision. However, in most developing countries, decentralization of services in water and sanitation management has tended to the sub-national level or has shared responsibilities between national and sub-national governments. Management at the subnational level becomes more important, since everything that is done there will impact the objectives and goals of the country. However, little or nothing progress has been made in harmonizing global indicators with those at the subnational level. Therefore, in this study we have proposed a way to disaggregate information and form WASH ladders at the subnational level. The results show using disaggregated data to interpolate models at the subnational level requires overcoming three main points: the validation of the data through statistical methods, interpolation techniques that go according to the compositional characteristics of the data and the incorporation of the uncertainty of the data into the model results. It also shows that subnational behavior is heterogeneous, which a general analysis does not capture correctly, i.e., there is a masking effect of subnational trends that the country's trend does not represent. However, these have been exceptional cases in some specific categories. Finally, the applicability of non-linear models is contrasted in a broader context, an issue that is still under discussion for its application to global monitoring. This study also provides a way to disaggregate information from the global to the sub-national level, allowing any sector analyst to replicate the methodology in a broader context.
对获取水和环境卫生服务的情况进行监测，分别由可持续发展目标 6.1 和 6.2 加以规定。监测工作从全球、区域和国家角度进行。但是，在大多数发展中国家，水和环境卫生管理服务的权力下放往往是在国家以下各级或在国家和国家以下各级政府之间分担责任。国家以下各级的管理变得更加重要，因为那里的一切行动都将影响国家的目标和目的。然而，在使全球指标与国家以下各级指标相协调方面，几乎没有取得任何进展。因此，在这项研究中，我们提出了一种在国家以下各级分解信息和构建水和环境卫生阶梯的方法。结果表明，使用分解数据在国家以下各级内插模型需要克服三个主要问题：通过统计方法验证数据、根据数据的组成特征采用内插技术以及将数据的不确定性纳入模型结果。研究还表明，国家以下各级的行为是异质的，一般分析无法正确捕捉到这一点，即国家趋势并不能代表国家以下各级的趋势存在掩盖效应。然而，在某些具体类别中，这些情况只是例外。最后，在更广泛的背景下对比了非线性模型的适用性，这仍然是一个正在讨论的问题，因为其在全球监测中的应用仍存在争议。本研究还提供了一种从全球到国家以下各级分解信息的方法，使任何部门分析人员都可以在更广泛的背景下复制该方法。
