University of South Australia, UniSA Justice and Society, Adelaide, 5001, Australia.
Occupational Alertness and Fatigue Management, Integrated Safety Support, Melbourne, 3000, Australia.
Sci Rep. 2022 May 18;12(1):8263. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-08996-2.
Sleep and fatigue were investigated in aviation search and rescue, firefighting, emergency medical services and offshore transfer operations in 210 participants, for 21 days each, across 17 datasets in seven countries. Sleep data were collected using wrist-worn actigraphs and sleep diaries. Sustained attention was assessed using a 5-min Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT). Duty information was provided from corporate IT systems. Despite the number of 24 h operations, most work occurred during daytime hours, and most sleep occurred at night. There were seasonal changes in work and sleep patterns, with naps used to augment total sleep time. The proportion of sleep occurring during duty varied from zero to 30%. Differences in PVT response times were trivial to small. Legislation that defines flight, duty time and minimum rest limits assume that sleep is not obtained during duty periods, apart from some napping under Fatigue Risk Management Systems (FRMS). However, especially in cases where the aviation service requires waiting for tasks (e.g. search and rescue, emergency medical response), this assumption may not always hold. FRMS should accommodate different modes of working that safely facilitate sleep during duty time where appropriate.
睡眠和疲劳在航空搜救、消防、紧急医疗服务和海上转移作业中进行了研究，共有 210 名参与者，每个参与者在 7 个国家的 17 个数据集上连续 21 天接受调查。使用腕戴活动记录仪和睡眠日记收集睡眠数据。使用 5 分钟的精神运动警觉任务（PVT）评估持续注意力。值班信息由企业 IT 系统提供。尽管有 24 小时的作业，但大多数工作都在白天进行，大多数睡眠都在夜间进行。工作和睡眠模式有季节性变化，小睡用于增加总睡眠时间。在值班期间发生的睡眠比例从 0 到 30%不等。PVT 反应时间的差异微不足道到小。规定飞行、值班时间和最小休息限制的法规假设，除了在疲劳风险管理系统（FRMS）下进行一些小睡外，值班期间不会获得睡眠。然而，特别是在航空服务需要等待任务（例如搜索和救援、紧急医疗响应）的情况下，这种假设可能并不总是成立。FRMS 应适应不同的工作模式，在适当的情况下安全地促进值班期间的睡眠。
