Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation, Oslo, Norway.
Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2019 Nov;92(8):1121-1130. doi: 10.1007/s00420-019-01449-w. Epub 2019 Jun 10.
Purpose To examine the effects of shift work and extended working hours on sleepiness among pilots and Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) crew members in the Norwegian Air Ambulance.
This field study investigated sleepiness during 3 consecutive weeks: the week before work, the work week, and the week after work. The pilots and HEMS crew members (N = 50) kept a wake diary during all 3 weeks and completed reaction time tests during the work week.
The overall sleepiness scores were low during all 3 weeks. When comparing the 3 weeks, the lowest sleepiness levels were found for the work week. There was a small difference across work days, in which subjective sleepiness scores were highest the first duty day. No change in the reaction time tests was evident during the work week. The crew members reported being most sleepy at midnight, compared to all the other timepoints over the course of a duty day. Regarding workload and total work time, having larger workload was associated with lower sleepiness scores, while having higher total work time was associated with higher sleepiness score, both compared to the medium category.
The findings indicate that the work schedules and setting for this distinct occupational group do not seem to negatively affect the sleepiness levels.
研究挪威空中急救直升机飞行员和机组人员轮班工作和延长工作时间对困倦的影响。
本现场研究在连续 3 周内调查了困倦情况：工作前一周、工作周和工作后一周。飞行员和 HEMS 机组人员（N=50）在所有 3 周内都保持了清醒日记，并在工作周内完成了反应时间测试。
在所有 3 周内，总体困倦评分均较低。在 3 周的比较中，工作周的困倦水平最低。工作日之间存在微小差异，主观困倦评分在第一天最高。工作周内的反应时间测试没有明显变化。机组人员报告说，与一天中的其他时间点相比，午夜时分最困。关于工作量和总工作时间，与中等类别相比，工作量较大与较低的困倦评分相关，而总工作时间较高与较高的困倦评分相关。
研究结果表明，该特定职业群体的工作时间表和工作环境似乎不会对困倦水平产生负面影响。
