Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Ramiro Barcelo's street, 2600, 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253, Bragança, Portugal.
Mol Biol Rep. 2022 Oct;49(10):9947-9962. doi: 10.1007/s11033-022-07547-2. Epub 2022 May 18.
The oomycetes of the genus Phytophthora have the most aggressive species for agriculture and forestry, such as Phytophthora sojae which is responsible for soybean root rot, Phytophthora infestans responsible for the potato downy mildew that caused the diaspora in Ireland in the nineteenth-century, and Phytophthora cinnamomi that affects a wide variety of tree species, from avocado in America, trees in Oceania to European chestnut trees. P. cinnamomi reproduces either sexually or asexually and asexual zoospores can live as saprotrophs and subsist in the soil long after death and removal of host plants. Controlling this organism is very challenging for researchers due to the limited range of effective chemical inhibitors. In this work, we present a systematic review of alternatives for biocontrol of Phytophthora in general and P. cinnamomi in particular. Our literature review indicates that Trichoderma spp., mainly Trichoderma harzianum, T. virens, and T. asperellum are very promising fungal species in the control of different Phytophthora spp. The Bacillus genus is also very promising in the control and inhibition of several Phytophthoras spp.
卵菌纲的疫霉属包含了对农业和林业危害最大的物种，例如引起大豆根腐病的大豆疫霉、导致 19 世纪爱尔兰大迁徙的致病疫霉，以及广泛影响从美洲鳄梨、大洋洲树种到欧洲栗树等多种树种的肉桂疫霉。肉桂疫霉可以有性或无性繁殖，无性游动孢子可以作为腐生生物生活，在宿主植物死亡和移除后很长时间内仍能在土壤中存活。由于有效的化学抑制剂种类有限，研究人员控制这种生物极具挑战性。在这项工作中，我们对疫霉属，特别是肉桂疫霉的生物防治替代方法进行了系统综述。我们的文献综述表明，木霉属（主要是哈茨木霉、绿木霉和asperellum 木霉）是控制不同疫霉属物种的非常有前途的真菌物种。芽孢杆菌属在控制和抑制几种疫霉属物种方面也非常有前景。
