Ndiaye E H, Ould Mohamed Salem Boukhary A, Diallo M, Diallo D, Labbo R, Boussès P, Le Goff G, Robert V
Pôle de zoologie médicale, Institut Pasteur de Dakar, B.P. 220, Dakar, Sénégal.
Université de Nouakchott Al-Aasriya, Unité de recherche génomes et milieux (jeune équipe associée à l'IRD), Laboratoire environnement, santé et société LE2S, BP 880, Nouakchott, Mauritanie; Aix Marseille Univ., IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Marseille, France.
Med Trop Sante Int. 2021 May 31;1(2). doi: 10.48327/mtsibulletin.2021.109. eCollection 2021 Jun 30.
Mosquitoes (Diptera, Culicidae) form a family of insects of considerable public health importance. Mention of their presence/absence was tackled in the literature and by specialized websites for eight African countries: Cape Verde, Mauritania, Senegal, Gambia, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger and Chad. In total, 216 species have been recorded belonging to 13 genera: (48 species), (2), (62), (6), (54), (1), (7), (3), (1), (2), (7), (4) and (19). The presence of these species in the study area is certain except for three species whose presence is doubtful. This specific richness represents 6% of the world's richness. The countries with the highest specific richness are Burkina Faso (162 species), Senegal (143) and Mali (110); the country with the lowest richness is Cape Verde (11). This richness is lower in the north in hyper-arid climate and higher in the south in sub-humid climate. Chad is the least well inventoried country. All species are considered native, with the exception of ( ) (the Asian tiger mosquito) introduced in 2016 into Mali and possibly ( ) into Mauritania and ( ) introduced into Nouakchott, Mauritania. This synthesis of the knowledge may be useful for vector control, public health, and future research.
蚊子（双翅目，蚊科）是一类对公共卫生具有相当重要意义的昆虫。文献及一些专门网站提及了佛得角、毛里塔尼亚、塞内加尔、冈比亚、马里、布基纳法索、尼日尔和乍得这八个非洲国家蚊子的有无情况。总共记录了属于13个属的216种蚊子：（48种），（2种），（62种），（6种），（54种），（1种），（7种），（3种），（1种），（2种），（7种），（4种）和（19种）。除了三种存在情况存疑的物种外，研究区域内确定存在这些物种。这种物种丰富度占世界丰富度的6%。物种丰富度最高的国家是布基纳法索（162种）、塞内加尔（143种）和马里（110种）；丰富度最低的国家是佛得角（11种）。在气候极度干旱的北部地区丰富度较低，而在气候半湿润的南部地区丰富度较高。乍得是清查最少的国家。所有物种都被认为是本土物种，但2016年引入马里的（亚洲虎蚊）以及可能引入毛里塔尼亚的和引入毛里塔尼亚努瓦克肖特的除外。这种知识综合可能对病媒控制、公共卫生及未来研究有用。
