Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Research Center for Health Management in Mass Gathering, Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Glob Heart. 2022 May 11;17(1):31. doi: 10.5334/gh.1120. eCollection 2022.
High levels of blood pressure (BP) remain undetected and poorly controlled in large segments of the population leading to an enormous burden in terms of disease and mortality.
We aimed to assess the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Tehran.
We used the data of 8,296 adults aged ≥35 years from the Tehran Cohort Study who were enrolled between May 2016 and February 2019. Hypertension was defined as systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, self-report, and/or current antihypertensive medication use. The age- and sex-weighted prevalence of hypertension and high normal BP was calculated using the 2016 national census. Furthermore, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were analyzed.
The mean age of the participants was 53.8 ±12.75 years, and 54.0% were women. The weighted prevalence of hypertension and high normal BP were 36.5% and 12.2%, respectively. Among hypertensive individuals, 68.2% were aware of hypertension, 53.3% were receiving medication, and 40.4% had adequate BP control. The awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension were significantly higher in women (72.2% vs. 63.4% [P < 0.001], 55.1% vs 51.1% [P = 0.020], and 42.7% vs. 37.7% [P = 0.004], respectively) and this gap considerably increased with advancing age. Hypertension was more prevalent in northern Tehran but with a better treatment rate and control in the same regions.
Despite the high prevalence of hypertension in the adult population of Tehran, the rates of awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension are unsatisfactory and demand comprehensive strategies to improve this situation, especially in younger men.
在很大一部分人群中，血压（BP）水平居高不下且得不到有效控制，这导致疾病和死亡率负担巨大。
我们旨在评估德黑兰高血压的流行率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率。
我们使用了 2016 年 5 月至 2019 年 2 月期间纳入的 8296 名年龄≥35 岁的德黑兰队列研究成年人的数据。高血压定义为收缩压≥140mmHg 和/或舒张压≥90mmHg、自我报告和/或当前使用降压药物。使用 2016 年全国人口普查数据计算高血压和正常高值血压的年龄和性别加权流行率。此外，还分析了高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率。
参与者的平均年龄为 53.8±12.75 岁，54.0%为女性。高血压和正常高值血压的加权流行率分别为 36.5%和 12.2%。在高血压患者中，68.2%知晓高血压，53.3%接受药物治疗，40.4%血压得到充分控制。女性的高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率明显更高（72.2% vs. 63.4%[P<0.001]，55.1% vs. 51.1%[P=0.020]和 42.7% vs. 37.7%[P=0.004]），且随着年龄的增长，这一差距显著增加。北部德黑兰高血压更为普遍，但在同一地区，治疗率和控制率更高。
尽管德黑兰成年人口中高血压的流行率很高，但高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率仍不理想，需要采取综合策略来改善这种情况，特别是在年轻男性中。
