Wolf Henrik, Storch David-Maximilian, Timme Marc, Schröder Malte
Chair for Network Dynamics, Institute for Theoretical Physics and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
Phys Rev E. 2022 Apr;105(4-1):044309. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.105.044309.
Symmetry breaking ubiquitously occurs across complex systems, from phase transition in statistical physics to self-organized lane formation in pedestrian dynamics. Here, we uncover spontaneous symmetry breaking in a simple model of ride-sharing adoption. We analyze how collective interactions among ride-sharing users to avoid detours in shared rides give rise to spontaneous symmetry breaking and pattern formation in the adoption dynamics. These dynamics result in bistability of high homogeneous and partial heterogeneous adoption states, potentially limiting the population-wide adoption of ride sharing. Our results provide a framework to understand real-world adoption patterns of ride sharing in complex urban settings and support the (re)design of ride-sharing services and incentives for sustainable shared mobility.
对称性破缺普遍存在于复杂系统中，从统计物理中的相变到行人动力学中的自组织车道形成。在这里，我们在一个简单的拼车采用模型中发现了自发对称性破缺。我们分析了拼车用户之间为避免共享行程绕路而进行的集体互动如何在采用动态中导致自发对称性破缺和模式形成。这些动态导致了高同质性和部分异质性采用状态的双稳态，可能限制拼车在全人群中的采用。我们的结果提供了一个框架，以理解复杂城市环境中拼车的现实世界采用模式，并支持拼车服务的（重新）设计以及可持续共享出行的激励措施。
