Kuiper N A, Olinger L J, Lyons L M
J Human Stress. 1986 Winter;12(4):149-53. doi: 10.1080/0097840X.1986.9936781.
The present research investigated the proposal that global perceived stress level moderates the degree of relationship between negative life events and depression. Accordingly, subjects in this study completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Life Experiences Survey (LES), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The PSS provides a measure of global perceived stress level, or the general tendency to view one's life as being unpredictable, out of control, and overwhelming. Consistent with past research, the findings revealed an increase in depression level as negative life change scores increased. Of special importance, however, was the finding that global level of stress significantly moderated the relationship between depression and negative life events. For those low on perceived stress, negative life changes had only a minimal impact on depression level. In contrast, for those high on perceived stress, the relationship was more pronounced. These findings were then discussed with regard to the possible role of cognitive appraisals in enhancing the symptoms of psychopathology experienced by individuals high on global level of perceived stress.
总体感知压力水平会调节负面生活事件与抑郁之间的关联程度。因此，本研究中的受试者完成了贝克抑郁量表（BDI）、生活经历量表（LES）和感知压力量表（PSS）。PSS用于测量总体感知压力水平，即把自己的生活视为不可预测、失去控制且不堪重负的一般倾向。与过去的研究一致，研究结果显示随着负面生活变化得分的增加，抑郁水平也会升高。然而，特别重要的是，研究发现总体压力水平显著调节了抑郁与负面生活事件之间的关系。对于那些感知压力较低的人来说，负面生活变化对抑郁水平的影响微乎其微。相比之下，对于那些感知压力较高的人来说，这种关系更为明显。随后，针对认知评估在加重总体感知压力水平较高的个体所经历的精神病理学症状方面可能发挥的作用，对这些研究结果进行了讨论。
