Butor Škulcová Andrea, Tamášová Katarína, Vojs Staňová Andrea, Bírošová Lucia, Krahulcová Monika, Gál Miroslav, Konečná Barbora, Janíková Monika, Celec Peter, Grabicová Kateřina, Grabic Roman, Filip Jan, Belišová Noemi, Ryba Jozef, Kerekeš Kamil, Špalková Viera, Híveš Ján, Mackuľak Tomáš
Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-812 37 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská dolina, Ilkovičova 6, SK-842 15 Bratislava 4, Slovak Republic.
J Water Process Eng. 2021 Oct;43:102223. doi: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2021.102223. Epub 2021 Jul 20.
Waterborne pathogens including viruses, bacteria and micropollutants secreted from population can spread through the sewerage system. In this study, the efficiency of unique effervescent ferrate-based tablets was evaluated for total RNA and DNA removal, disinfection and degradation of micropollutants in hospital wastewater. For the purpose of testing, proposed tablets (based on citric acid or sodium dihydrogen phosphate) were used for various types of hospital wastewater with specific biological and chemical contamination. Total RNA destruction efficiency using tablets was 70-100% depending on the type of acidic component. DNA destruction efficiency was lower on the level 51-94% depending on the type of acidic component. In addition, our study confirms that effervescent ferrate-based tablets are able to efficiently remove of SARS-CoV-2 RNA from wastewater. Degradation of often detected micropollutants (antiepileptic, antidepressant, antihistamine, hypertensive and their metabolites) was dependent on the type of detected pharmaceuticals and on the acidic component used. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate based tablet appeared to be more effective than citric acid based tablet and removed some pharmaceuticals with efficiency higher than 97%. Last but not least, the disinfection ability was also verified. Tableted ferrates were confirmed to be an effective disinfectant and no resistant microorganisms were observed after treatment. Total and antibiotic resistant bacteria (coliforms and enterococci) were determined by cultivation on diagnostic selective agar growth media.
包括病毒、细菌和人群分泌的微污染物在内的水传播病原体可通过污水系统传播。在本研究中，评估了独特的泡腾型高铁酸盐片剂对医院废水中总RNA和DNA的去除、消毒以及微污染物降解的效率。为了进行测试，将所提议的片剂（基于柠檬酸或磷酸二氢钠）用于具有特定生物和化学污染的各类医院废水。使用片剂对总RNA的破坏效率在70%至100%之间，具体取决于酸性成分的类型。DNA破坏效率较低，在51%至94%之间，同样取决于酸性成分的类型。此外，我们的研究证实，泡腾型高铁酸盐片剂能够有效去除废水中的SARS-CoV-2 RNA。常见检测到的微污染物（抗癫痫药、抗抑郁药、抗组胺药、降压药及其代谢物）的降解取决于所检测药物的类型以及所使用的酸性成分。基于磷酸二氢钠的片剂似乎比基于柠檬酸的片剂更有效，并且对某些药物的去除效率高于97%。最后但同样重要的是，消毒能力也得到了验证。片剂高铁酸盐被证实是一种有效的消毒剂，处理后未观察到耐药微生物。通过在诊断性选择性琼脂生长培养基上培养来测定总细菌和抗生素耐药细菌（大肠菌群和肠球菌）。
