Department of Health Information Management, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Peter L. Reichertz Institute for Medical Informatics, TU Braunschweig and Hannover Medical School, Braunschweig, Germany.
Stud Health Technol Inform. 2022 May 20;291:88-102. doi: 10.3233/SHTI220009.
Early Warning Scores (EWSs) systems support the timely detection of patient deterioration and rapid response of the care team. Due to the mobility nature of healthcare settings, there has been a growing tendency to use mobile-based devices in these settings. This chapter aimed to design a mobile-based EWS application (app). This was a descriptive study to design the architecture of the proposed EWS app. The design of architecture was done using the Unified Modeling Language diagrams including a class diagram, use-case diagram, and activity diagram. We evaluated the architecture using the ARID scenario-based evaluation method. The proposed EWS application (app) was the integration of three EWSs, including NEWS2, PEWS, and MEOWS. The workflow of these EWSs systems was designed and integrated into a single app. Also, the static structure of the proposed EWS app was designed by class diagram and the behavioral structure was depicted by use-case and activity diagrams. The class diagram showed the system components and their relationships. However, the use-case diagram displayed the app's interaction with its environment, and the activity diagram illustrated how the EWS app processes were carried out. Evaluation results showed the possibility of designing the architecture for the proposed EWS app. In our app, the EWSs were designed in the clinician's workflow, and it was integrated with the patient's Electronic Health Record (EHR). These factors may lead to more use of EWSs. Considering the frequency of alerts represented to clinicians and the user-friendly design of the app, some suggestions can be considered by EWS systems developers in the future.
早期预警评分（EWS）系统有助于及时发现患者病情恶化，并使医护团队迅速做出反应。由于医疗环境的流动性，在这些环境中使用基于移动的设备已成为一种趋势。本章旨在设计一个基于移动的 EWS 应用程序（app）。这是一个描述性研究，旨在设计拟议的 EWS 应用程序的架构。架构设计使用了统一建模语言图，包括类图、用例图和活动图。我们使用基于 ARID 场景的评估方法评估了架构。所提出的 EWS 应用程序（app）集成了三个 EWS，包括 NEWS2、PEWS 和 MEOWS。这些 EWS 系统的工作流程被设计并集成到一个单一的应用程序中。此外，还通过类图设计了拟议 EWS 应用程序的静态结构，并通过用例图和活动图描述了其行为结构。类图显示了系统组件及其关系。然而，用例图显示了应用程序与其环境的交互，活动图说明了 EWS 应用程序的处理过程是如何进行的。评估结果表明，为拟议的 EWS 应用程序设计架构是可行的。在我们的应用程序中，EWS 是按照临床医生的工作流程设计的，并与患者的电子健康记录（EHR）集成。这些因素可能会导致更多地使用 EWS。考虑到向临床医生呈现的警报频率以及应用程序的用户友好设计，EWS 系统开发人员可以在未来考虑一些建议。
