Gynaecologic Cancer Programme, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.
Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2022 Apr;42:1-17. doi: 10.1200/EDBK_351294.
During the past decade, considerable strides have been made in the understanding and treatment of gynecologic cancers. The advent of PARP inhibitors, antiangiogenic therapies, immunotherapy combinations, and targeted agents have altered the standard of care in ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers. However, continued advancement in the treatment of gynecologic cancers is critical. Fortunately, exciting work defining new therapeutic targets and novel treatment strategies is on the horizon. Here, we discuss emerging treatments for gynecologic cancers, including endometrial, cervical, ovarian, and rare gynecologic cancers. We highlight research that has deepened our understanding of the unique biology and molecular underpinnings of these cancers and is being translated into powerful new treatment approaches. We particularly highlight the advent of immunotherapy in endometrial cancer; radiosensitizers in cervical, vaginal, and vulvar cancers; targeted therapies in ovarian cancer; and molecularly driven approaches to treat rare gynecologic cancers. Continued basic, translational, and clinical research holds the promise to change the landscape of gynecologic cancer and improve the lives of all women impacted by these diseases.
在过去的十年中，人们在妇科癌症的理解和治疗方面取得了长足的进步。PARP 抑制剂、抗血管生成疗法、免疫疗法联合用药和靶向药物的出现改变了卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌和宫颈癌的治疗标准。然而，妇科癌症的治疗仍需不断进步。幸运的是，目前正在定义新的治疗靶点和新的治疗策略，令人兴奋的工作即将展开。在这里，我们讨论了妇科癌症的新兴治疗方法，包括子宫内膜癌、宫颈癌、卵巢癌和罕见的妇科癌症。我们强调了加深对这些癌症独特生物学和分子基础的理解的研究，并将其转化为强大的新治疗方法。我们特别强调了免疫疗法在子宫内膜癌中的应用；放射增敏剂在宫颈癌、阴道癌和外阴癌中的应用；靶向治疗在卵巢癌中的应用；以及针对罕见妇科癌症的分子驱动治疗方法。持续的基础、转化和临床研究有望改变妇科癌症的格局，改善所有受这些疾病影响的女性的生活。
