Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Campus, Box 8086, St. Louis, MT, 63110, USA.
Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Curr Cardiol Rep. 2022 Aug;24(8):925-933. doi: 10.1007/s11886-022-01714-4. Epub 2022 May 20.
The cardiac immune landscape dynamically changes in response to aging, hemodynamic stress, and myocardial injury. Here, we highlight key cardiac immune cell types, their role in reshaping the cellular landscape and promoting tissue remodeling following cardiac insults, and how understanding of these processes uncovers novel disease mechanisms that contribute to cardiac pathology.
Distinct subsets of cardiac macrophages reside within the heart and exhibit divergent functions in response to myocardial injury. Parsing cardiac macrophages based on developmental origin has served as a valuable approach to define functionally divergent populations of reparative (embryonic-derived, tissue resident) and inflammatory (monocyte-derived, recruited) cardiac macrophages. Single-cell transcriptomics and elucidation of the effector mechanisms that orchestrate macrophage functions has provided new and therapeutically tractable insights into the pathogenesis of numerous cardiac diseases. The immune landscape of the heart is dynamic and represents an important mediator of disease pathogenesis across an array of cardiac pathology. Elucidation of mechanisms that drive inflammatory monocyte/macrophage recruitment, activation, and effector responses may lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets.
心脏免疫景观会随衰老、血流动力应激和心肌损伤而发生动态变化。在这里，我们重点介绍关键的心脏免疫细胞类型，它们在重塑细胞景观和促进心脏损伤后的组织重构中的作用，以及对这些过程的理解如何揭示导致心脏病理学的新疾病机制。
在心脏内存在不同亚群的心脏巨噬细胞，它们在心肌损伤后表现出不同的功能。基于发育起源对心脏巨噬细胞进行细分，是定义具有修复功能（胚胎衍生的、组织驻留）和炎症功能（单核细胞衍生的、募集而来）的心脏巨噬细胞的一种有价值的方法。单细胞转录组学和阐明协调巨噬细胞功能的效应机制为许多心脏疾病的发病机制提供了新的、有治疗潜力的见解。心脏的免疫景观是动态的，它是多种心脏病理学发病机制的重要介导者。阐明驱动炎症性单核细胞/巨噬细胞募集、激活和效应反应的机制，可能会找到新的治疗靶点。
