Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Aging Cell. 2023 Dec;22(12):e14008. doi: 10.1111/acel.14008. Epub 2023 Oct 10.
Advancements in longevity research have provided insights into the impact of cardiac aging on the structural and functional aspects of the heart. Notable changes include the gradual remodeling of the myocardium, the occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy, and the decline in both systolic and diastolic functions. Macrophages, a type of immune cell, play a pivotal role in innate immunity by serving as vigilant agents against pathogens, facilitating wound healing, and orchestrating the development of targeted acquired immune responses. Distinct subsets of macrophages are present within the cardiac tissue and demonstrate varied functions in response to myocardial injury. The differentiation of cardiac macrophages according to their developmental origin has proven to be a valuable strategy in identifying reparative macrophage populations, which originate from embryonic cells and reside within the tissue, as well as inflammatory macrophages, which are derived from monocytes and recruited to the heart. These subsets of macrophages possess unique characteristics and perform distinct functions. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the roles and phenotypes of cardiac macrophages in various conditions, including the steady state, aging, and other pathological conditions. Additionally, it will highlight areas that require further investigation to expand our knowledge in this field.
长寿研究的进展提供了对心脏老化对心脏结构和功能方面影响的深入了解。值得注意的变化包括心肌的逐渐重塑、左心室肥大的发生以及收缩和舒张功能的下降。巨噬细胞是一种免疫细胞，通过充当对抗病原体的警戒剂、促进伤口愈合以及协调靶向获得性免疫反应的发展，在先天免疫中发挥着关键作用。在心脏组织中存在不同的巨噬细胞亚群，它们在应对心肌损伤时表现出不同的功能。根据其发育起源对心脏巨噬细胞进行分化已被证明是一种有价值的策略，可用于鉴定源自胚胎细胞并存在于组织中的修复性巨噬细胞群体，以及源自单核细胞并被募集到心脏的炎症性巨噬细胞。这些巨噬细胞亚群具有独特的特征并发挥不同的功能。这篇综述旨在总结目前对心脏巨噬细胞在各种情况下的作用和表型的理解，包括稳态、衰老和其他病理状况。此外，它还将突出需要进一步研究的领域，以扩展我们在这一领域的知识。
