Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, PO Code 8915173160, Iran.
Eur J Nutr. 2022 Oct;61(7):3499-3516. doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02898-9. Epub 2022 May 21.
To compare the effects of replacing regular dietary oils intake with sesame (SO), canola (CO), and sesame-canola (SCO) oils (a novel blend), on cardiometabolic markers in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in a triple-blind, three-way, randomized, crossover clinical trial.
Participants were assigned to receive SO, CO, and SCO in three 9-week phases (4 weeks apart). Cardiometabolic makers (serum lipids, Apolipoprotein, cardiovascular risk scores, kidney markers, and blood pressure) were considered at the beginning and the end of intervention phases.
Ninety-two, ninety-five, and ninety-five participants completed the SO, SCO, and CO periods, respectively. After CO consumption, serum Apo A-1 concentrations were significantly higher compared with the SCO period in the whole population (p < 0.05). A considerable reduction in visceral adiposity index values was seen in the CO compared with the SO period in males (p < 0.05). Serum high-density lipoprotein concentration was also significantly higher after the SO intake compared with SCO in females (p < 0.05). The between-period analysis showed a substantial reduction in diastolic blood pressure in the SCO period compared with the CO and SO periods and lower systolic blood pressure after SCO versus CO intake in males (p < 0.05).
Canola oil might protect CVD through improving Apo A-1 levels in patients with T2DM (particularly in females) and visceral adiposity index in male patients. However, the blend oil might beneficially affect blood pressure in men. Future sex-specific studies might warrant the current findings.
This trial was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT, registration ID: IRCT2016091312571N6).
比较用芝麻油（SO）、菜籽油（CO）和芝麻油-菜籽油（SCO）（一种新型混合油）代替常规膳食油摄入对 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）成年人的心血管代谢标志物的影响，在一项三盲、三向、随机交叉临床试验中。
将参与者分为三组，分别接受 SO、CO 和 SCO 治疗，每组 9 周（间隔 4 周）。在干预阶段开始和结束时，考虑心血管代谢标志物（血清脂质、载脂蛋白、心血管风险评分、肾脏标志物和血压）。
92、95 和 95 名参与者分别完成了 SO、SCO 和 CO 期。在整个人群中，与 SCO 期相比，CO 消耗后血清 Apo A-1 浓度显著升高（p<0.05）。与 SO 期相比，CO 期男性的内脏脂肪指数明显降低（p<0.05）。与 SCO 相比，SO 摄入后女性血清高密度脂蛋白浓度也显著升高（p<0.05）。期间分析显示，与 CO 和 SO 期相比，SCO 期舒张压显著降低，男性 SCO 期收缩压低于 CO 期（p<0.05）。
菜籽油可能通过提高 T2DM 患者（特别是女性）的 Apo A-1 水平和男性患者的内脏脂肪指数来保护心血管疾病，而混合油可能对男性血压产生有益影响。未来的性别特异性研究可能需要验证当前的发现。
该试验在伊朗临床试验注册中心（IRCT，注册号：IRCT2016091312571N6）注册。
