Viirre E, Cadera W, Vilis T
J Neurophysiol. 1987 Jan;57(1):92-103. doi: 10.1152/jn.1987.57.1.92.
The purpose of the present study was to determine whether, in the absence of visual input to one eye, saccades remained equal in the two eyes. The same question was addressed for the VOR gain of the two eyes. After 1 wk during which one eye was continuously patched, the saccadic properties of only the unseeing eye showed changes consisting of a change, usually a decrease, in saccadic step magnitude, postsaccadic drift with an exponentially decaying component in the temporal direction, and the appearance of a vertical component as well as vertical postsaccadic drift during horizontally directed saccades. Effects were also observed in the VOR consisting of a change in gain and a vertical component during horizontal head rotation. As with saccades, the vertical component in the patched eye was upward when the eye was deviated nasally. When the patch was removed, normal function was restored within 1 day to the previously patched eye without impairing the function of the unpatched eye. These results suggest that the conjugate nature of saccades and the VOR is in part the consequence of a selective, visually driven, calibration mechanism, which can alter commands to motoneurons of one muscle of a conjugate muscle pair without affecting commands to the other. The similarity of changes observed in the VOR and saccades after patching suggests that elements common to both are altered in the absence of vision.
本研究的目的是确定在一只眼睛没有视觉输入的情况下，双眼的扫视是否保持相等。对于双眼的前庭眼反射增益也提出了同样的问题。在一只眼睛持续遮盖1周后，仅失明眼睛的扫视特性出现了变化，包括扫视步幅的改变（通常是减小）、在颞侧方向带有指数衰减成分的扫视后漂移，以及在水平方向扫视时垂直成分的出现和垂直扫视后漂移。在前庭眼反射中也观察到了影响，包括水平头部旋转时增益的变化和垂直成分。与扫视一样，当眼睛向鼻侧偏斜时，遮盖眼的垂直成分向上。当眼罩去除后，先前被遮盖的眼睛在1天内恢复正常功能，且未损害未被遮盖眼睛的功能。这些结果表明，扫视和前庭眼反射的共轭性质部分是一种选择性的、视觉驱动的校准机制的结果，这种机制可以改变对共轭肌对中一块肌肉的运动神经元的指令，而不影响对另一块肌肉的指令。遮盖后在前庭眼反射和扫视中观察到的变化的相似性表明，在没有视觉的情况下，两者共有的元素会发生改变。
