William Hannah M, Heslin Kayla, Kram Jessica J F, Toberna Caroline P, Baumgardner Dennis J
Advocate Aurora Research Institute, Advocate Aurora Health, Milwaukee, WI.
Center for Urban Population Health, Milwaukee, WI.
J Patient Cent Res Rev. 2022 Apr 18;9(2):128-131. doi: 10.17294/2330-0698.1872. eCollection 2022 Spring.
Preliminary research has suggested possible associations between natural waterways and infection, and we previously explored these associations in eastern Wisconsin using positive serogroup 1 urine antigen tests (LUAT) as diagnostic. This case-control study was a secondary analysis of home address data from patients who underwent LUAT at a single eastern Wisconsin health system from 2013 to 2017. Only zip codes within the health system's catchment area that registered ≥3 positive cases and ≥50 completed tests, as well as geographically adjacent zip codes with ≥2 positive cases and ≥50 tests, were included. A 1:3 ratio of cases to randomly selected controls was used. Home addresses were geocoded and mapped using ArcGIS software (Esri); nearest waterway and distance to home was identified. Distance to nearest waterway according to ArcGIS was verified/corrected using Google Maps incognito. Distances were analyzed using chi-squared and 2-sample -tests. Overall, mean distance to nearest waterway did not differ between cases (2958 ± 2049 ft) and controls (2856 ± 2018 ft; P=0.701). However, in a subset of nonurban zip codes, cases were closer to nearest waterway than controls (1165 ± 905 ft vs 2113 ± 1710 ft; P=0.019). No association was found between cases and type of waterway. Further research is needed to investigate associations and differences between natural and built environmental water sources in relation to legionellosis.
初步研究表明天然水道与感染之间可能存在关联，我们之前在威斯康星州东部利用血清群1尿液抗原检测呈阳性（LUAT）作为诊断方法对这些关联进行了探究。这项病例对照研究是对2013年至2017年在威斯康星州东部一个卫生系统接受LUAT检测的患者家庭住址数据进行的二次分析。仅纳入了该卫生系统集水区内登记有≥3例阳性病例且≥50次完整检测的邮政编码区域，以及地理上相邻且有≥2例阳性病例和≥50次检测的邮政编码区域。病例与随机选择的对照的比例为1:3。使用ArcGIS软件（Esri）对家庭住址进行地理编码并绘制地图；确定最近的水道以及到住所的距离。根据ArcGIS得出的到最近水道的距离使用谷歌地图隐身模式进行了核实/校正。使用卡方检验和双样本检验对距离进行分析。总体而言，病例组（2958±2049英尺）和对照组（2856±2018英尺；P=0.701）到最近水道的平均距离没有差异。然而，在一部分非城市邮政编码区域中，病例比对照更靠近最近的水道（1165±905英尺对2113±1710英尺；P=0.019）。未发现病例与水道类型之间存在关联。需要进一步研究以调查天然和人工环境水源与军团病之间的关联及差异。
