Liu Xiaohan, Tang Yifan, Wu Jiajin, Liu Jian-Xin, Sun Hui-Zeng
Institute of Dairy Science, MoE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Anim Nutr. 2022 Apr 4;9:314-319. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.03.002. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Increasing the efficiency and sustainability of cattle production is an effective way to produce valuable animal proteins for a growing human population. Genetics and nutrition are the 2 major research topics in selecting cattle with beneficial phenotypes and developing genetic potentials for improved performance. There is an inextricable link between genetics and nutrition, which urgently requires researchers to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms to optimize cattle production. Feedomics integrates a range of omic techniques to reveal the mechanisms at different molecular levels related to animal production and health, which can provide novel insights into the relationships of genes and nutrition/nutrients. In this review, we summarized the applications of feedomics techniques to reveal the effect of genetic elements on the response to nutrition and investigate how nutrients affect the functional genome of cattle from the perspective of both nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics. We highlighted the roles of rumen microbiome in the interactions between host genes and nutrition. Herein, we discuss the importance of feedomics in cattle nutrition research, with a view to ensure that cattle exhibit the best production traits for human consumption from both genetic and nutritional aspects.
提高养牛生产的效率和可持续性是为不断增长的人口生产有价值动物蛋白的有效途径。遗传学和营养是选择具有有益表型的牛以及开发提高生产性能的遗传潜力的两大主要研究课题。遗传学和营养之间存在着千丝万缕的联系，这迫切需要研究人员揭示其潜在的分子机制，以优化养牛生产。饲料组学整合了一系列组学技术，以揭示与动物生产和健康相关的不同分子水平的机制，这可以为基因与营养/营养素之间的关系提供新的见解。在这篇综述中，我们总结了饲料组学技术在揭示遗传因素对营养反应的影响以及从营养遗传学和营养基因组学的角度研究营养素如何影响牛的功能基因组方面的应用。我们强调了瘤胃微生物群在宿主基因与营养相互作用中的作用。在此，我们讨论了饲料组学在牛营养研究中的重要性，以期从遗传和营养两个方面确保牛表现出最适合人类消费的生产性状。
