Petitti D, D'Agostino R B, Oldman M J
J Reprod Med. 1987 Jan;32(1):10-6.
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) gained notoriety through its association with menstruation and tampon use. Most studies conducted in the past did not systematically ascertain the incidence of nonmenstrual TSS but relied on voluntarily reported cases, which may be biased. Moreover, some factors that influence the recognition of TSS in menstruating and nonmenstruating women may distort the risk factor status of recognized cases. For these reasons, reliable information on nonmenstrual TSS is largely unavailable.
中毒性休克综合征（TSS）因与月经和使用卫生棉条相关而声名狼藉。过去进行的大多数研究并未系统地确定非月经性TSS的发病率，而是依赖于自愿报告的病例，这可能存在偏差。此外，一些影响月经期间和非月经期间女性对TSS识别的因素可能会扭曲已确诊病例的风险因素状况。由于这些原因，关于非月经性TSS的可靠信息基本上无法获得。
