Leyto Simeon Meskele, Mare Kusse Urmale
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia.
Int J Gen Med. 2022 May 16;15:5005-5014. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S354909. eCollection 2022.
Placenta indices are the significant determinants of perinatal outcome and neonatal mortality. A clinician can predict neonatal status based on the findings from the placental indices. However, there are limited studies on the relationship between placental parameters and neonatal birth weight in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to assess placental parameters and their association with birth weight among neonates born at public hospitals in southern Ethiopia.
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 249 systematically selected placentae with the attached umbilical cord from normal singleton live birth with known gestational age. A weighing scale, long needle, and standard non-elastic tape were used to measure placental parameters. Maternal and neonatal characteristics were obtained from the medical charts. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions analyses were done to assess the association between placental indices with neonatal birth weight. Finally, an adjusted odds ratio with the corresponding 95% CI was used to declare the statistical significance.
In this study, the mean placental weight, diameter, and thickness were 475.9gm, 17.73cm, and 4.43cm, respectively, and the prevalence of low birth weight was 10% (95% CI: 6-14%). Low placental weight (AOR: 6.57; 95% CI: 2.47-17.48), low placental thickness (AOR: 4.94; 95% CI: 1.42-17.22), and gestational age (AOR: 4.73; 95% CI: 1.49-14.99) were associated with low birth weight.
This study revealed that placental parameters, particularly weight and thickness, and gestational age have a significant influence on low birth weight. Therefore, proper examination of the placenta should be performed routinely following delivery for better newborn care.
胎盘指标是围产期结局和新生儿死亡率的重要决定因素。临床医生可以根据胎盘指标的检查结果预测新生儿状况。然而，埃塞俄比亚关于胎盘参数与新生儿出生体重之间关系的研究有限。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚南部公立医院出生的新生儿的胎盘参数及其与出生体重的关联。
对249个系统选取的胎盘及其附着的脐带进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究，这些胎盘来自已知孕周的正常单胎活产。使用体重秤、长针和标准无弹性卷尺测量胎盘参数。从病历中获取产妇和新生儿的特征。进行双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析，以评估胎盘指标与新生儿出生体重之间的关联。最后，使用调整后的比值比及其相应的95%置信区间来判定统计学意义。
在本研究中，胎盘的平均重量、直径和厚度分别为475.9克、17.73厘米和4.43厘米，低出生体重的患病率为10%（95%置信区间：6%-14%）。低胎盘重量（调整后的比值比：6.57；95%置信区间：2.47-17.48）、低胎盘厚度（调整后的比值比：4.94；95%置信区间：1.42-17.22）和孕周（调整后的比值比：4.73；95%置信区间：1.49-14.99）与低出生体重相关。
本研究表明，胎盘参数，尤其是重量和厚度，以及孕周对低出生体重有显著影响。因此，为了更好地护理新生儿，分娩后应常规对胎盘进行适当检查。
