Freire Ana P C F, Medina Bruna A S, Leite Marceli R, Lopes Tainá O, Santos Ester T, Ferreira Milena M, Silva Bruna S A, Cavalcante Margaret A, Pacagnelli Francis L
Department of Health Sciences, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, United States.
Physiotherapy Department, University of Western Presidente Prudente (UNOESTE), São Paulo, Brazil.
Tob Prev Cessat. 2022 May 6;8:17. doi: 10.18332/tpc/146545. eCollection 2022.
The COVID-19 pandemic may have changed smoking habits. For the smoking population, information regarding smoking habits and the pandemic could potentially aid COVID-19 prevention and control measures. Our study aimed to analyze the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on tobacco consumption, nicotine dependence levels, and motivation for smoking cessation. We also collected information from smokers regarding their awareness of the consequences of tobacco use and the increased risks smokers have for severe complications from COVID-19.
In the survey for this observational cross-sectional study, 122 smokers responded to an online form. The participants provided general data about their smoking history, their smoking habits in the months of April and May 2020, and the effect of the pandemic on their smoking habits. They also completed a Fagerström test and were measured by the Wisconsin Smoking Withdrawal Scale.
When compared to pre-pandemic levels, the majority of smokers reported increased tobacco consumption of between 1 and 10 cigarettes per day (37.7%). Their motivation to quit smoking (59.8%) and desire to smoke (53.2%) were unchanged by the pandemic. Most participants demonstrated an awareness of the increased risks smokers have for severe COVID-19-related complications (p<0.001). We identified the following correlations: cigarettes/day before pandemic and motivation for smoking cessation (r=0.19; p=0.030), cigarettes/day and nicotine dependence level (r=0.61; p<0.001), and load consumption and nicotine dependence level (r=0.69; p<0.001). No significant correlations were observed between load consumption and motivation to quit (r=0.13; p=0.120).
Most smokers are well aware of their increased risks for severe COVID-19-related complications. In the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil, most smokers reported increased cigarette consumption. In addition, motivation to quit and desire to smoke were unchanged for the majority of smokers.
新冠疫情可能改变了吸烟习惯。对于吸烟人群而言，有关吸烟习惯和疫情的信息可能有助于新冠疫情的防控措施。我们的研究旨在分析新冠疫情对烟草消费、尼古丁依赖程度及戒烟动机的影响。我们还收集了吸烟者对烟草使用后果的认识以及吸烟者因新冠疫情出现严重并发症风险增加的信息。
在这项观察性横断面研究的调查中，122名吸烟者填写了在线表格。参与者提供了有关其吸烟史、2020年4月和5月的吸烟习惯以及疫情对其吸烟习惯影响的一般数据。他们还完成了法格斯特龙测试，并通过威斯康星戒烟量表进行测量。
与疫情前水平相比，大多数吸烟者报告每天烟草消费量增加1至10支（37.7%）。疫情并未改变他们的戒烟动机（59.8%）和吸烟欲望（53.2%）。大多数参与者认识到吸烟者因新冠疫情出现严重并发症的风险增加（p<0.001）。我们发现了以下相关性：疫情前每日吸烟量与戒烟动机（r=0.19；p=0.030）、每日吸烟量与尼古丁依赖程度（r=0.61；p<0.001）以及吸烟量与尼古丁依赖程度（r=0.69；p<0.001）。吸烟量与戒烟动机之间未观察到显著相关性（r=0.13；p=0.120）。
大多数吸烟者充分意识到他们因新冠疫情出现严重并发症的风险增加。在巴西新冠疫情的早期阶段，大多数吸烟者报告香烟消费量增加。此外，大多数吸烟者的戒烟动机和吸烟欲望没有改变。
