健康信念模式为基础的护理干预对肾移植受者自我负担、药物依从性和生活质量的影响。
Effects of Nursing Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Self-Perceived Burden, Drug Compliance, and Quality of Life of Renal Transplant Recipients.
机构信息
Organ Procurement Organizations, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
Department of Organ Transplantation, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China.
出版信息
Contrast Media Mol Imaging. 2022 May 5;2022:3001780. doi: 10.1155/2022/3001780. eCollection 2022.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the effects of nursing intervention based on health belief model (HBM) on self-perceived burden, drug compliance, and quality of life of renal transplant recipients.
METHODS
Sixty patients with renal transplantation treated in our hospital from February 2019 to July 2021 were enrolled. The patients were randomly assigned to control group and study group. The former received routine nursing and the latter received nursing intervention based on HBM.
RESULTS
The nursing satisfaction in the study group was higher compared to the control group ( < 0.05). Secondly, we compared the scores of self-burdens. Before nursing, they exhibited no significant difference ( > 0.05); after nursing, they decreased. Moreover, the physical burden, economic burden, and emotional burden of the study group were lower compared to the control group ( < 0.05). In terms of drug compliance, the rates of no missed medication, noncontinuous missed medication, timely medication, dose-by-dose medication, and non-self-stopping medication in the study group were higher compared to the control group ( < 0.05). The scores of SAS and SDS exhibited no significant difference before nursing ( > 0.05). After nursing, they decreased. Furthermore, the scores of SAS and SDS of the study group were lower compared to the control group ( < 0.05). The self-management ability exhibited no significant difference before nursing ( > 0.05); after nursing, it increased. Moreover, the self-management ability of the study group at discharge and 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after discharge was higher compared to the control group ( < 0.05). Finally, we compared the scores of quality of life. Before nursing, there was no significant difference ( > 0.05). The scores of physiological function, psychological function, social function, and health self-cognition in the study group were lower compared to the control group ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The nursing intervention based on HBM can enhance the medication compliance of renal transplant recipients, and the intervention effect is long-lasting. Meanwhile, it can effectively enhance the negative emotion of patients, reduce the burden of self-feeling, promote the quality of life, strengthen the self-management of patients, and facilitate the prognosis.
目的
探讨健康信念模式（HBM）护理干预对肾移植受者自我感受负担、药物依从性和生活质量的影响。
方法
选取 2019 年 2 月至 2021 年 7 月我院收治的 60 例肾移植患者，随机分为对照组和研究组，前者接受常规护理，后者接受 HBM 护理干预。
结果
研究组护理满意度高于对照组（<0.05）。其次，比较自我负担评分，护理前无明显差异（>0.05）；护理后降低，且研究组的生理负担、经济负担、情绪负担低于对照组（<0.05）。在药物依从性方面，研究组无漏服、非连续漏服、按时服药、剂量服药、非自行停药的比例高于对照组（<0.05）。护理前 SAS、SDS 评分无明显差异（>0.05），护理后降低，且研究组低于对照组（<0.05）。护理前自我管理能力无明显差异（>0.05），护理后提高，且出院时及出院后 1 个月、3 个月、6 个月研究组自我管理能力高于对照组（<0.05）。最后，比较生活质量评分，护理前无明显差异（>0.05），研究组生理功能、心理功能、社会功能、健康自我认知评分低于对照组（<0.05）。
结论
HBM 护理干预可提高肾移植受者的服药依从性，且干预效果持久，同时能有效改善患者负性情绪，减轻自我感受负担，提高生活质量，增强患者自我管理能力，促进预后。
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