Linping Campus, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Hangzhou, China 311100.
The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China 311100.
Comput Math Methods Med. 2022 Aug 8;2022:1782955. doi: 10.1155/2022/1782955. eCollection 2022.
Knowledge, belief, and behavior model (knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP)) is known as a cognitive model. Health education is important to the prognosis of patients, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. However, the investigation regarding health education based on the KAP model is few. Thus, this work is aimed at analyzing the influence of nurse-led health education on self-management ability, satisfaction, and compliance of elderly patients with COPD based on knowledge, belief, and practice model.
60 elderly patients with COPD cured in our hospital from January 2019 to April 2021 were enrolled for the study. The patients were randomly assigned to control group ( = 30) and study group ( = 30). The former group received routine nursing, and the latter group accepted health education based on "knowledge, belief, and practice" model. Finally, the scores of nursing satisfaction, KAP score, compliance rate, self-management level, pulmonary function, and life quality were compared in the two groups.
The nursing satisfaction of the study group (100.00%) was higher than that (83.33%) of the control group ( < 0.05). The scores of knowledge, attitude, and behavior were remarkably higher in the study group than in the control group after nursing ( < 0.05). Moreover, KAP scores also significantly increased in the study group after nursing. The compliance rate of the study group (93.33%) was higher than that of the control group (66.67%) ( < 0.05). After nursing, the scores of symptom management, daily life management, emotion management, information management, and management efficiency were higher in the study group than in the control group ( < 0.05). In addition, pulmonary functions were improved in the two groups following nursing. Compared with the control groups, the 6 min walking distance, FEV1%, and FEV1/FVC% were higher in the study group ( < 0.05). After nursing, the scores of life quality were reduced in the two groups. The scores of physiological function, psychological function, social function, and health self-cognition were lower in the study group than in the control group ( < 0.05).
Based on the model of knowledge, belief, and practice, nurse-led health education can successfully enhance the self-management ability, satisfaction, and compliance of elderly COPD patients.
知识-信念-行为模式（知-信-行（KAP））被认为是一种认知模式。健康教育对患者的预后很重要，包括慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者。然而，基于 KAP 模式的健康教育调查很少。因此，本研究旨在分析基于知识、信念和实践模型的护士主导的健康教育对老年 COPD 患者自我管理能力、满意度和依从性的影响。
纳入我院 2019 年 1 月至 2021 年 4 月收治的 60 例老年 COPD 患者进行研究。将患者随机分为对照组（n=30）和观察组（n=30）。前者接受常规护理，后者接受基于“知识-信念-实践”模式的健康教育。比较两组护理满意度、KAP 评分、依从率、自我管理水平、肺功能和生活质量。
观察组护理满意度（100.00%）高于对照组（83.33%）（P<0.05）。护理后观察组知识、态度、行为评分均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。此外，观察组护理后 KAP 评分也明显升高。观察组依从率（93.33%）高于对照组（66.67%）（P<0.05）。护理后观察组症状管理、日常生活管理、情绪管理、信息管理和管理效率评分均高于对照组（P<0.05）。此外，两组护理后肺功能均有改善。与对照组相比，观察组 6 分钟步行距离、FEV1%和 FEV1/FVC%较高（P<0.05）。护理后两组生活质量评分均降低，观察组生理功能、心理功能、社会功能和健康自我认知评分均低于对照组（P<0.05）。
基于知-信-行模式，护士主导的健康教育能有效提高老年 COPD 患者的自我管理能力、满意度和依从性。
