Jiang Wenming, Liu Shuo, Yin Xin, Li Zhixin, Lan Zouran, Xire Luosong, Wang Zhongbing, Xie Yinqian, Peng Cheng, Li Jinping, Hou Guangyu, Yu Xiaohui, Sun Rongzhao, Liu Hualei
China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China.
Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Yinchuan, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Apr 27;13:893253. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.893253. eCollection 2022.
To date, there have been three epidemic waves of H5N8 avian influenza worldwide. The current third epidemic wave began in October 2020 and has expanded to at least 46 countries. Active and passive surveillance were conducted to monitor H5N8 viruses from wild birds in China. Genetic analysis of 10 H5N8 viruses isolated from wild birds identified two different genotypes. Animal challenge experiments indicated that the H5N8 isolates are highly pathogenic in chickens, mildly pathogenic in ducks, while pathogenicity varied in BALB/c mice. Moreover, there were significant differences in antigenicity as compared to Re-11 vaccine strain and vaccinated chickens were not completely protected against challenge with the high dose of H5N8 virus. With the use of the new matched vaccine and increased poultry immune density, surveillance should be intensified to monitor the emergence of mutant strains and potential worldwide spread wild birds.
迄今为止，H5N8禽流感在全球已出现三波疫情。当前的第三波疫情始于2020年10月，已蔓延至至少46个国家。在中国，开展了主动和被动监测以监测来自野生鸟类的H5N8病毒。对从野生鸟类中分离出的10株H5N8病毒进行的基因分析确定了两种不同的基因型。动物攻毒实验表明，H5N8分离株对鸡具有高致病性，对鸭具有低致病性，而在BALB/c小鼠中的致病性有所不同。此外，与Re-11疫苗株相比，抗原性存在显著差异，接种疫苗的鸡不能完全抵御高剂量H5N8病毒的攻击。随着新型匹配疫苗的使用和家禽免疫密度的提高，应加强监测，以监测突变株的出现以及野生鸟类在全球范围内的潜在传播。
