Milas Ana, Telley Ivo A
Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 May 5;10:895876. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.895876. eCollection 2022.
Cell polarity is a pre-requirement for many fundamental processes in animal cells, such as asymmetric cell division, axon specification, morphogenesis and epithelial tissue formation. For all these different processes, polarization is established by the same set of proteins, called partitioning defective (Par) proteins. During development in , decision making on the cellular and organism level is achieved with temporally controlled cell polarization events. The initial polarization of Par proteins occurs as early as in the germline cyst, when one of the 16 cells becomes the oocyte. Another marked event occurs when the anterior-posterior axis of the future organism is defined by Par redistribution in the oocyte, requiring external signaling from somatic cells. Here, we review the current literature on cell polarity events that constitute the oogenesis from the stem cell to the mature egg.
细胞极性是动物细胞中许多基本过程的先决条件，如不对称细胞分裂、轴突特化、形态发生和上皮组织形成。对于所有这些不同的过程，极化是由同一组蛋白质建立的，称为分区缺陷（Par）蛋白。在发育过程中，细胞和生物体水平的决策是通过时间控制的细胞极化事件实现的。Par蛋白的初始极化早在生殖系囊肿中就会发生，此时16个细胞中的一个会成为卵母细胞。另一个显著事件是，未来生物体的前后轴由卵母细胞中Par的重新分布定义，这需要来自体细胞的外部信号。在这里，我们综述了当前关于从干细胞到成熟卵子构成卵子发生的细胞极性事件的文献。
