Liu Hao, Wang Xiang, Wu Dong-Hai, Zou Yu-Duo, Jiang Xiao-Bo, Gao Zhi-Qing, You Ri-Hong, Hu Jin-Chuan, Liu Jing-Dong
Department of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
Department of Curriculum and Instruction, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Front Psychol. 2022 May 6;13:823400. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.823400. eCollection 2022.
The purpose of the study was to translate the athlete burnout questionnaire (ABQ) into Simplified Chinese and examine its psychometric properties in Chinese collegiate athletes and elite athletes. Firstly, the factor structure, internal consistency reliability and nomological validity of the Chinese translated ABQ was examined in a sample of Chinese collegiate athletes ( = 214, 58.9% females). Secondly, abovementioned psychometric properties were examined in a sample of Chinese elite athletes ( = 505, 52.7% females). Finally, measurement invariance of the Chinese translated ABQ was examined across the two samples. It was found that the 12-item three-correlated-factors model outperformed the one factor model and bi-factor model in collegiate athlete sample whereas the 12-item bi-factor model best represented the factor structure of the Chinese translated ABQ in elite athlete sample. Satisfactory internal consistency reliabilities of the Chinese translated ABQ were evidenced in the two samples. Nomological validity was also supported by the results of the two samples that the three subscales of the ABQ were significantly associated with its theoretically related variables. Results of multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis revealed that weak measurement invariance of the Chinese translated ABQ (three-correlated-factors model) was evidenced across the two samples. Collectively, results of this study indicated that the 12-item Chinese translated ABQ could be used for measuring burnout of Chinese collegiate and elite athletes. Significance and implication of the current study as well as recommendations for future study were discussed.
本研究的目的是将运动员倦怠问卷（ABQ）翻译成简体中文，并检验其在中国大学生运动员和优秀运动员中的心理测量学特性。首先，在一个中国大学生运动员样本（n = 214，58.9%为女性）中检验了中文翻译版ABQ的因子结构、内部一致性信度和效标效度。其次，在一个中国优秀运动员样本（n = 505，52.7%为女性）中检验了上述心理测量学特性。最后，检验了中文翻译版ABQ在两个样本中的测量不变性。结果发现，在大学生运动员样本中，12项三相关因子模型优于单因子模型和双因子模型，而在优秀运动员样本中，12项双因子模型最能代表中文翻译版ABQ的因子结构。两个样本中中文翻译版ABQ的内部一致性信度均令人满意。两个样本的结果也支持了效标效度，即ABQ的三个分量表与其理论相关变量显著相关。多组验证性因子分析结果显示，中文翻译版ABQ（三相关因子模型）在两个样本中存在弱测量不变性。总体而言，本研究结果表明，12项中文翻译版ABQ可用于测量中国大学生和优秀运动员的倦怠。讨论了本研究的意义和启示以及对未来研究的建议。
