Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Oct;29(47):71731-71741. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-20804-y. Epub 2022 May 23.
The impacts of the Batts drain on two chronically exposed fish (O. niloticus and C. gariepinus) were assessed using multiple biomarkers. Concentrations of metals in water and sediments (Cu, Zn, Fe, Cd, Pb, and Al) showed significant elevations near the Batts discharges (site 2) compared to the reference site (site 1). The liver and gills of fish collected from site 2 showed marked elevations in the catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance levels. In addition, significant reductions in glutathione-reduced contents were also recorded. Tissue and species-specific antioxidant responses were associated with excessive generations of reactive oxygen species, which were visualized fluorescently. Various histological alterations were observed in the gills and livers of both species. These alterations varied between compensatory responses (ex: epithelial thickening and lifting) and irreversible damage (ex: necrotic degeneration). Based on the level of lipid peroxidation and the frequency of histopathological modifications, O. niloticus demonstrated greater resistance to the same level of pollution than C. gariepinus. Using integrated biomarkers to evaluate the real impacts of untreated discharges of the Batts drain is applied for the first time on the selected fish species at the studied sites.
采用多种生物标志物评估了巴特排水对两种长期暴露于其中的鱼类（尼罗罗非鱼和非洲鲫鱼）的影响。与对照点（点 1）相比，巴特排水口附近（点 2）的水和沉积物中的金属（铜、锌、铁、镉、铅和铝）浓度显著升高。从点 2 采集的鱼的肝脏和鳃中，过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和硫代巴比妥酸反应物质水平显著升高。此外，还原型谷胱甘肽的含量也显著降低。组织和物种特异性抗氧化反应与过量的活性氧有关，这些活性氧被荧光可视化。两种鱼类的鳃和肝脏都观察到各种组织学变化。这些变化在代偿性反应（如上皮增厚和提起）和不可逆损伤（如坏死变性）之间有所不同。基于脂质过氧化水平和组织病理学改变的频率，尼罗罗非鱼对同一水平的污染表现出比非洲鲫鱼更强的抵抗力。在研究地点，首次将综合生物标志物应用于选定的鱼类，以评估巴特排水未经处理的排放对其造成的实际影响。
