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早期大肠杆菌 PBP4 的细胞中部定位支持肽聚糖酰胺酶的功能。

Early midcell localization of Escherichia coli PBP4 supports the function of peptidoglycan amidases.

机构信息

Bacterial Cell Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.

出版信息

PLoS Genet. 2022 May 23;18(5):e1010222. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010222. eCollection 2022 May.

Abstract

Insertion of new material into the Escherichia coli peptidoglycan (PG) sacculus between the cytoplasmic membrane and the outer membrane requires a well-organized balance between synthetic and hydrolytic activities to maintain cell shape and avoid lysis. Since most bacteria carry multiple enzymes carrying the same type of PG hydrolytic activity, we know little about the specific function of given enzymes. Here we show that the DD-carboxy/endopeptidase PBP4 localizes in a PBP1A/LpoA and FtsEX dependent fashion at midcell during septal PG synthesis. Midcell localization of PBP4 requires its non-catalytic domain 3 of unknown function, but not the activity of PBP4 or FtsE. Microscale thermophoresis with isolated proteins shows that PBP4 interacts with NlpI and the FtsEX-interacting protein EnvC, an activator of amidases AmiA and AmiB, which are needed to generate denuded glycan strands to recruit the initiator of septal PG synthesis, FtsN. The domain 3 of PBP4 is needed for the interaction with NlpI and EnvC, but not PBP1A or LpoA. In vivo crosslinking experiments confirm the interaction of PBP4 with PBP1A and LpoA. We propose that the interaction of PBP4 with EnvC, whilst not absolutely necessary for mid-cell recruitment of either protein, coordinates the activities of PBP4 and the amidases, which affects the formation of denuded glycan strands that attract FtsN. Consistent with this model, we found that the divisome assembly at midcell was premature in cells lacking PBP4, illustrating how the complexity of interactions affect the timing of cell division initiation.

摘要

将新物质插入大肠杆菌肽聚糖 (PG) 囊泡中,该囊泡位于细胞质膜和外膜之间,需要在合成和水解活性之间进行良好的组织平衡,以维持细胞形状并避免裂解。由于大多数细菌携带多种具有相同类型 PG 水解活性的酶,因此我们对特定酶的具体功能知之甚少。在这里,我们表明 DD-羧基/内肽酶 PBP4 在隔膜 PG 合成过程中以依赖于 PBP1A/LpoA 和 FtsEX 的方式定位于中隔。PBP4 的中隔定位需要其具有未知功能的非催化结构域 3,但不需要 PBP4 或 FtsE 的活性。用分离的蛋白质进行微尺度热泳表明,PBP4 与 NlpI 和 FtsEX 相互作用蛋白 EnvC 相互作用,后者是酰胺酶 AmiA 和 AmiB 的激活剂,这些酶需要产生裸露的聚糖链以招募隔膜 PG 合成的起始因子 FtsN。PBP4 的结构域 3对于与 NlpI 和 EnvC 的相互作用是必需的,但不需要与 PBP1A 或 LpoA 相互作用。体内交联实验证实了 PBP4 与 PBP1A 和 LpoA 的相互作用。我们提出,PBP4 与 EnvC 的相互作用虽然对于这两种蛋白质的中隔募集不是绝对必需的,但协调了 PBP4 和酰胺酶的活性,这影响了吸引 FtsN 的裸露聚糖链的形成。与该模型一致,我们发现缺乏 PBP4 的细胞中中隔的分裂体组装过早,这说明了相互作用的复杂性如何影响细胞分裂起始的时间。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9cb0/9166362/cbf7f57bdd7b/pgen.1010222.g001.jpg

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