Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2022 Aug;68:102228. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102228. Epub 2022 May 20.
Fungal and oomycete pathogens secrete complex arrays of proteins and small RNAs to interface with plant-host targets and manipulate plant regulatory networks to the microbes' advantage. Research on these important virulence factors has been accelerated by improved genome sequences, refined bioinformatic prediction tools, and exploitation of efficient platforms for understanding effector gene expression and function. Recent studies have validated the expectation that oomycetes and fungi target many of the same sectors in immune signaling networks, but the specific host plant targets and modes of action are diverse. Effector research has also contributed to deeper understanding of the mechanisms of effector-triggered immunity.
真菌和卵菌病原体分泌复杂的蛋白质和小 RNA 阵列，与植物宿主靶标相互作用，并操纵植物调控网络，使其有利于微生物。随着基因组序列的改进、生物信息学预测工具的完善以及用于理解效应基因表达和功能的有效平台的开发，这些重要的毒力因子的研究得到了加速。最近的研究证实了这样一种预期，即卵菌和真菌针对免疫信号网络中的许多相同区域，但具体的植物宿主靶标和作用方式是多种多样的。效应子研究也有助于更深入地了解效应子触发免疫的机制。
