National Reference Laboratory for Trichinellosis (NRLT), Department for Immunology and Immunoparasitology, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy - INEP, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia.
J Helminthol. 2022 May 24;96:e35. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X22000268.
Trichinellosis in humans is most often caused by the parasite Trichinella spiralis. The clinical course of the disease is diverse and the symptoms can vary from mild to severe. Symptoms usually disappear within a few months, but encysted larvae in the muscles can cause myalgia and weakness that last for years. However, the existence of chronic trichinellosis as a disease is still debatable. This study presents the results obtained at the National Reference Laboratory for Trichinellosis - INEP, Serbia. The study was conducted to assess the immunoserological, biochemical and symptomatic disease parameters of twelve patients who acquired trichinellosis 13 and 18 years ago, respectively. They were involved in two T. spiralis outbreaks in Serbia, at the village of Kumane and the city of Belgrade (nine and three patients, respectively). Results indicated the presence of specific anti-Trichinella antibodies in 83% of the total number of patients. However, while the humoral immune response to Trichinella lasted for more than a decade reaching almost two decades after the acute infection phase (7/9 and 3/3 respectively, in two outbreaks), persistence of chronic muscular pain, as the most prolonged symptom of trichinellosis, could be found in the majority of patients from the Kumane outbreak (7/9). As a consequence, these patients suffered from limitations in daily living activities for the same period of time. The results presented in this paper are our contribution to the view that trichinellosis as a chronic disease with symptoms exists and may be related to the severity of the disease in the acute phase.
人感染旋毛虫病主要由旋毛虫（Trichinella spiralis）引起。该病的临床过程多样，症状可从轻度到重度不等。症状通常在几个月内消失，但肌肉内包囊幼虫可导致持续数年的肌痛和虚弱。然而，慢性旋毛虫病作为一种疾病的存在仍然存在争议。本研究介绍了塞尔维亚国家旋毛虫参考实验室 INEP 的研究结果。该研究旨在评估 12 名分别在 13 年前和 18 年前感染旋毛虫病的患者的免疫血清学、生化和症状疾病参数。他们参与了塞尔维亚 Kumane 村和贝尔格莱德市的两次旋毛虫病暴发，分别有 9 名和 3 名患者。结果表明，在所有患者中，有 83%存在特定的抗旋毛虫抗体。然而，尽管针对旋毛虫的体液免疫反应持续了十多年，甚至在急性感染阶段之后的近 20 年（两次暴发中分别为 7/9 和 3/3），但 Kumane 暴发的大多数患者仍存在慢性肌肉疼痛的持续存在，这是旋毛虫病最持久的症状（7/9）。因此，这些患者在同一时期的日常生活活动中受到限制。本文介绍的结果是我们对以下观点的贡献，即旋毛虫病作为一种存在慢性症状的疾病，可能与急性阶段疾病的严重程度有关。
