Yellow River Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd. (YREC), Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Key Laboratory of Water Management and Water Security for Yellow River Basin, Ministry of Water Resources (under construction), Basin, China.
PLoS One. 2022 May 24;17(5):e0266049. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266049. eCollection 2022.
A rapid shrinkage of Daihai Lake was found in recent decades. The present study analyzed the characteristics of Daihai Lake shrinkage and quantified the contribution of climate and human activities. The results of Mann-Kendall- Sneyers test and moving t-test showed that there was an obvious mutation point of lake level in 2006 and the descending speed of Daihai Lake level post-2006 (-0.46m/a) was 3.22 times that of pre-2006 (-0.14m/a). The centroid of Daihai Lake moved 1365.18 m from southwest to northeast during 1989 ~ 2018 with an average speed of 47.08 m/a. The results of Mann-Kendall trend test revealed that the annual evaporation showed a significant downward trend with a rate of approximately -5.33 mm/a, while no significant trend was found in precipitation. Daihai lake water level showed a very weak relationship with evaporation (r = 0.078, p < 0.01) and precipitation (p>0.05) respectively. Daihai Lake was influenced by human activities mainly from land use/ land cover, building reservoirs, pumping groundwater and directly consuming Daihai Lake water by Daihai power plant (DHPP). It was thought-provoking that DHPP began to consume Daihai lake water in 2006, which was consistent with abrupt change of Daihai lake level. The proportion of human impact was fluctuating upward. Human factors were the main factor of lake water reduction in last 10 years and the 5-year average contribution of human activities to Daihai Lake shrinkage was more than 61.99%. More attention and economic support should be given to prevent the continuous shrinkage of Daihai Lake.
近几十年来，岱海的面积迅速缩小。本研究分析了岱海收缩的特征，并量化了气候和人类活动的贡献。Mann-Kendall-Sneyers 检验和移动 t 检验的结果表明，湖泊水位存在明显的突变点，2006 年后岱海水位下降速度（-0.46m/a）是 2006 年前的 3.22 倍（-0.14m/a）。1989 年至 2018 年，岱海湖的质心从西南向东北移动了 1365.18 米，平均速度为 47.08 米/年。Mann-Kendall 趋势检验的结果表明，年蒸发量呈显著下降趋势，速率约为-5.33mm/a，而降水量则没有明显的趋势。岱海水位与蒸发量（r = 0.078，p < 0.01）和降水量（p>0.05）的关系都非常微弱。岱海主要受到人类活动的影响，包括土地利用/土地覆盖变化、修建水库、抽取地下水以及岱海发电厂（DHPP）直接消耗岱海湖水。引人深思的是，DHPP 于 2006 年开始消耗岱海湖水，这与岱海水位的突然变化相一致。人为影响的比例呈波动上升趋势。在过去的 10 年中，人为因素是湖泊水量减少的主要因素，人类活动对岱海收缩的 5 年平均贡献率超过 61.99%。应该更加关注和支持岱海的保护，以防止其持续收缩。
