Independent Consultant, (Residential Address Withheld), London, UK.
Methods Mol Biol. 2022;2480:335-342. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2241-4_18.
Academic scientists are increasingly engaged in translational research oriented toward bringing products and processes to commercial markets. They need to diligently analyze the intellectual property (IP) rights of others to avoid infringement, and use their own IP strategically. For this it is useful to perform a freedom-to-operate (FTO) analysis which includes searching the prior art and patent databases. This chapter outlines the principles of FTO analysis with a special focus on plant biotechnology.
学术科学家越来越多地参与以将产品和工艺推向商业市场为导向的转化研究。他们需要认真分析他人的知识产权（IP）以避免侵权，并战略性地使用自己的 IP。为此，进行自由实施（FTO）分析很有用，其中包括搜索现有技术和专利数据库。本章概述了 FTO 分析的原则，特别关注植物生物技术。
