Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
Infect Genet Evol. 2022 Aug;102:105306. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2022.105306. Epub 2022 May 24.
Leptospirosis is one of the most prevalent zoonotic diseases caused by pathogenic spirochetes of Leptospira spp. The disease has become a public health concern in urban localities in the tropics, where rats serve as significant reservoir animals for leptospirosis transmission. In Indonesia, the occurrence of leptospirosis is underestimated, and information on the causative Leptospira genotypes and serotypes is limited. This study reports the isolation of Leptospira spp. from rats captured in urban areas of Bogor, Indonesia. Serogroups and genotypes, sequence types (STs), or multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) types using 11 loci, were determined for the isolates. Furthermore, whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on 11 Indonesian isolates and 24 isolates from other Asian countries. Ninety small mammals, including 80 Rattus norvegicus and ten Suncus murinus, were captured and, 25 Leptospira spp. were isolated solely from R. norvegicus (31.3%). The isolates were identified as Leptospira borgpetersenii serogroup Javanica with ST 143 (four strains) and Leptospira interrogans serogroup Bataviae with the same MLVA type as isolates from other Asian countries (19); the serogroup of the two L. interrogans with ST252 could not be identified. The core genome SNP-based phylogenetic tree revealed that Indonesian isolates were genetically related to L. borgpetersenii serogroup Javanica strains widely distributed in Asian countries but formed a different cluster from other strains. The phylogenetic tree of L. interrogans serogroup Bataviae isolates from Indonesia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam revealed that isolates were grouped into five clusters based on their geographic locations. This study discovered a high carriage rate of Leptospira spp. among R. norvegicus in Bogor, Indonesia, indicating a potential risk of rat-borne leptospirosis in the area. Besides L. borgpetersenii serogroup Javanica, WGS on L. interrogans serogroup Bataviae illustrated the geographical structuring of genetic diversity in Leptospira spp.
钩端螺旋体病是由致病性钩端螺旋体属的螺旋体引起的最常见的人畜共患病之一。这种疾病已经成为热带城市地区的公共卫生关注点，在那里，老鼠是钩端螺旋体传播的重要储存动物。在印度尼西亚，钩端螺旋体病的发生被低估了，关于病原体钩端螺旋体血清型和基因型的信息有限。本研究报告了从印度尼西亚茂物市的城市地区捕获的老鼠中分离出的钩端螺旋体属。使用 11 个基因座确定了分离株的血清群和基因型、序列类型 (ST) 或多位点可变数量串联重复分析 (MLVA) 类型。此外，对 11 株印度尼西亚分离株和来自其他亚洲国家的 24 株分离株进行了全基因组测序 (WGS)。共捕获了 90 只小型哺乳动物，包括 80 只挪威鼠和 10 只褐家鼠，仅从挪威鼠中分离出 25 株钩端螺旋体属（31.3%）。分离株被鉴定为血清群 Javanica 的博氏钩端螺旋体，ST143（4 株）和血清群 Bataviae 的问号钩端螺旋体，与来自其他亚洲国家的分离株具有相同的 MLVA 型（19 株）；无法确定具有 ST252 的两个 L. interrogans 的血清群。基于核心基因组 SNP 的系统发育树显示，印度尼西亚分离株与广泛分布于亚洲国家的血清群 Javanica 的博氏钩端螺旋体菌株具有遗传相关性，但与其他菌株形成不同的聚类。来自印度尼西亚、菲律宾、中国台湾和越南的血清群 Bataviae 的问号钩端螺旋体分离株的系统发育树表明，根据地理位置将分离株分为五个簇。本研究发现，印度尼西亚茂物市的挪威鼠中携带钩端螺旋体的比例很高，表明该地区存在由老鼠传播的钩端螺旋体病的潜在风险。除了博氏钩端螺旋体血清群 Javanica 外，对问号钩端螺旋体血清群 Bataviae 的 WGS 还说明了钩端螺旋体属遗传多样性的地理结构。
