Valle Stella F, Giroto Amanda S, Guimarães Gelton G F, Nagel Kerstin A, Galinski Anna, Cohnen Jens, Jablonowski Nicolai D, Ribeiro Caue
Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.
Embrapa Instrumentation, São Carlos, Brazil.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 May 10;13:861574. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.861574. eCollection 2022.
In face of the alarming world population growth predictions and its threat to food security, the development of sustainable fertilizer alternatives is urgent. Moreover, fertilizer performance should be assessed not only in terms of yield but also in root system development, as it impacts soil fertility and crop productivity. Fertilizers containing a polysulfide matrix (PS) with dispersed struvite (St) were studied for S and P nutrition due to their controlled-release behavior. Soybean cultivation in a closed system with St/PS composites provided superior biomass compared to a reference of triple superphosphate (TSP) with ammonium sulfate (AS), with up to 3 and 10 times higher mass of shoots and roots, respectively. Root system architectural changes may explain these results, with a higher proliferation of second order lateral roots in response to struvite ongoing P delivery. The total root length was between 1,942 and 4,291 cm for plants under St/PS composites and only 982 cm with TSP/AS. While phosphorus uptake efficiency was similar in all fertilized treatments (11-14%), St/PS achieved a 22% sulfur uptake efficiency against only 8% from TSP/AS. Overall, the composites showed great potential as efficient slow-release fertilizers for enhanced soybean productivity.
面对令人担忧的世界人口增长预测及其对粮食安全的威胁，开发可持续的肥料替代品迫在眉睫。此外，肥料性能不仅应根据产量来评估，还应根据根系发育来评估，因为它会影响土壤肥力和作物生产力。由于其控释特性，研究了含有多硫化物基质（PS）和分散鸟粪石（St）的肥料对硫和磷的营养作用。在封闭系统中，用鸟粪石/多硫化物复合材料种植大豆，与用硫酸铵（AS）和重过磷酸钙（TSP）作为对照相比，生物量更高，地上部和根系质量分别高出3倍和10倍。根系结构的变化可能解释了这些结果，即由于鸟粪石持续提供磷，二级侧根的增殖更多。在鸟粪石/多硫化物复合材料处理下，植株的总根长在1942至4291厘米之间，而在重过磷酸钙/硫酸铵处理下仅为982厘米。虽然在所有施肥处理中磷的吸收效率相似（11%-14%），但鸟粪石/多硫化物复合材料的硫吸收效率达到22%，而重过磷酸钙/硫酸铵仅为8%。总体而言，这些复合材料作为提高大豆生产力的高效缓释肥料具有巨大潜力。
