Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 10;838(Pt 2):156196. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156196. Epub 2022 May 24.
Phosphate mining releases heavy metals into the surrounding environment. In this study, the effects of phosphate mining on rhizosphere soil fungi in surrounding crops, including Lactuca sativa var. angustata, Glycine max (L.) Merr., and Triticum aestivum L., were assessed. Phosphate mining significantly reduced the crop rhizosphere fungal diversity (P < 0.05). The relative abundances of Fusarium and Epicoccum increased in mining rhizosphere soil compared with the baseline. Beta diversity analysis indicated that phosphate mining led to the differentiation of fungal community structure in plant rhizospheres. Guild analysis indicated that different plant rhizosphere fungi developed various guilds in response to phosphate mining stress. Nine fungi were isolated from soil samples, with solubilization index values ranging from 1.1 to 2.5. Two efficient phosphate solubilizers, Epicoccum nigrum and Fusarium verticillioides, were enriched in phosphate mining rhizosphere soil samples. The dissolution kinetics of inorganic phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase activity assay showed strong phosphorus dissolution ability of the isolated fungi. Penicillium aculeatum, Trichoderma harzianum, Chaetomium globosum, and F. verticillioides showed strong tolerance to multiple heavy metals. This study furthers our understanding of how rhizosphere fungal ecology is affected by phosphate mining and provides important resources for the remediation of phosphate mining soil pollution.
磷矿开采会将重金属释放到周围环境中。在这项研究中，评估了磷矿开采对周围作物根际土壤真菌的影响，包括狭叶生菜、大豆和冬小麦。磷矿开采显著降低了作物根际土壤真菌的多样性（P < 0.05）。与基线相比，矿化根际土壤中镰刀菌属和层出镰刀菌的相对丰度增加。β多样性分析表明，磷矿开采导致植物根际土壤真菌群落结构的分化。菌团分析表明，不同植物根际真菌在应对磷矿开采胁迫时形成了不同的菌团。从土壤样本中分离出了 9 株真菌，其溶磷指数值范围为 1.1 到 2.5。两种高效的磷溶菌，层出镰刀菌和串珠镰刀菌，在磷矿开采根际土壤样本中得到了富集。对无机磷的溶解动力学和碱性磷酸酶活性测定表明，分离出的真菌具有很强的溶解磷的能力。小刺青霉、哈茨木霉、球毛壳菌和串珠镰刀菌对多种重金属具有很强的耐受性。这项研究进一步了解了根际真菌生态如何受到磷矿开采的影响，并为磷矿开采土壤污染的修复提供了重要资源。
