Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2022;274:331-348. doi: 10.1007/164_2022_580.
Lifestyle interventions for weight loss combine support for changing diet and physical activity with weight management education and are considered the first line treatment for obesity. A variety of diet-focused interventions including time-restricted eating are also increasingly being promoted for weight management. This chapter reviews different types of interventions for weight management, their underlying health behavior change models, and effectiveness to date in randomized trials. The results justify increasing efforts to improve program effectiveness generally, and to personalize interventions to support long-term adherence. The high prevalence of obesity worldwide, combined with the known increase in risk of non-communicable diseases with duration of excess weight, provides a compelling justification for routine delivery of effective weight management interventions in the community and in clinical care.
生活方式干预措施结合了改变饮食和体育活动的支持，以及体重管理教育，被认为是肥胖的一线治疗方法。各种以饮食为重点的干预措施，包括限时进食，也越来越多地被推广用于体重管理。本章回顾了不同类型的体重管理干预措施，其潜在的健康行为改变模型，以及迄今为止随机试验的效果。结果证明，需要加大努力来提高计划的有效性，并根据个人情况对干预措施进行个性化调整，以支持长期坚持。全世界肥胖的高患病率，加上超重持续时间与非传染性疾病风险增加的已知关系，为在社区和临床护理中常规提供有效的体重管理干预措施提供了有力的理由。
