Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, No.2 Linggong Road, High-Tech Pack, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Oct;29(48):73414-73443. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-20575-6. Epub 2022 May 27.
This study aims to evaluate the environmental and employment impacts of China's value-added trade using the gross exports decomposition method and balance of avoided factor content. The major findings are that China's value-added trade overall leads to increases in global emissions and employment, which are mainly affected by the characteristics of China's exports. However, China's imports indirectly promote global emissions reductions and have a significant driving effect on foreign employment. Trade through onefold value chains plays a dominant role in determining both impacts. Simple global value chain (GVC)-related trade contributes most to reducing global emissions but decreases global employment as well. Complex GVC-related trade overall increases global employment and emissions. At the bilateral level, the impacts are varied, and there are some instances of complex GVC-related bilateral trade that contribute to global emission mitigation. A win-win situation for the environment and employment can be achieved in China's bilateral trade with some countries through specific value chain routes. These findings can provide useful information for balancing trade growth, carbon emission reduction, and job creation and may indicate the future direction of China's upgrade in the GVCs and help allocate emission reduction responsibilities.
本研究旨在利用总出口分解法和避免要素含量平衡法来评估中国增值贸易的环境和就业影响。主要发现是，中国增值贸易总体上导致全球排放量和就业增加，这主要受中国出口特点的影响。然而，中国的进口间接促进了全球减排，并对外国就业具有显著的驱动作用。通过单一价值链进行的贸易在决定这两种影响方面起着主导作用。简单的全球价值链（GVC）相关贸易对减少全球排放贡献最大，但也减少了全球就业。复杂的 GVC 相关贸易总体上增加了全球就业和排放。在双边层面，影响各不相同，有些复杂的 GVC 相关双边贸易对全球减排做出了贡献。通过特定价值链路径，中国与一些国家的双边贸易可以实现环境和就业的双赢局面。这些发现可为平衡贸易增长、减少碳排放和创造就业提供有益信息，并可能表明中国在全球价值链升级方面的未来方向，有助于分配减排责任。
