García-Marchena Nuria, Marcos Alberto, Flores-López María, Moreno-Fernández Mario, Requena-Ocaña Nerea, Porras-Perales Oscar, Torres-Galván Sandra, Araos Pedro, Serrano Antonia, Muga Roberto, Ruiz-Ruiz Juan Jesús, Rodríguez de Fonseca Fernando, Ambrosio Emilio, Pavón-Morón Francisco Javier
UGC Salud Mental, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29590 Málaga, Spain.
Unidad de Adicciones, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain.
Biomedicines. 2022 May 14;10(5):1137. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10051137.
(1) Background: Co-occurrence of mental and substance use disorders (SUD) is prevalent, but complicates their clinical courses, and specific biomarkers are required. Amino acids are altered in primary mental disorders; however, little is known about SUD and psychiatric comorbidity. Because most psychiatric disorders and biomarkers show sex differences, we investigated amino acids in men and women with alcohol and/or cocaine use disorders (AUD and/or CUD) and psychiatric comorbidity. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 295 participants, who were divided into four groups (AUD, = 60; CUD, = 41; AUD + CUD, = 64; and control, = 130). Participants were clinically assessed, and plasma amino acid concentrations were analyzed in relation to sex, diagnosis of SUD and psychiatric comorbidity (3) Results: In the total sample, there were sex differences, and women showed lower Iso, Leu, Gln and Glu than men. While patients with CUD and AUD + CUD had higher Glu, Gly, Orn and Ser than controls, patients with AUD showed no differences. In SUD, patients with psychiatric comorbidity had lower Orn and higher Ala than non-comorbid patients in the AUD group. (4) Conclusions: There was a dysregulation of plasma amino acids in abstinent patients with SUD. However, our results suggest the importance of considering the clinical characteristics and sex in the validity of amino acids as potential biomarkers for SUD.
(1) 背景：精神障碍与物质使用障碍（SUD）共病的情况很普遍，但这使它们的临床病程变得复杂，因此需要特定的生物标志物。氨基酸在原发性精神障碍中会发生改变；然而，对于物质使用障碍和精神疾病共病的情况却知之甚少。由于大多数精神疾病和生物标志物都存在性别差异，我们对患有酒精和/或可卡因使用障碍（AUD和/或CUD）以及精神疾病共病的男性和女性的氨基酸进行了研究。(2) 方法：对295名参与者进行了一项横断面研究，他们被分为四组（AUD组60人；CUD组41人；AUD + CUD组64人；对照组130人）。对参与者进行了临床评估，并分析了血浆氨基酸浓度与性别、物质使用障碍诊断以及精神疾病共病之间的关系。(3) 结果：在总样本中存在性别差异，女性的异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸水平低于男性。虽然CUD组和AUD + CUD组的患者谷氨酸、甘氨酸、鸟氨酸和丝氨酸水平高于对照组，但AUD组患者无差异。在物质使用障碍中，AUD组中患有精神疾病共病的患者鸟氨酸水平低于无共病患者，丙氨酸水平高于无共病患者。(4) 结论：戒酒的物质使用障碍患者存在血浆氨基酸失调。然而，我们的结果表明，在将氨基酸作为物质使用障碍潜在生物标志物的有效性方面，考虑临床特征和性别很重要。
