Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China.
College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 12;19(10):5872. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19105872.
Previous studies on exposure disparity have focused more on spatial variation but ignored the temporal variation of air pollution; thus, it is necessary to explore group disparity in terms of spatio-temporal variation to assist policy-making regarding public health. This study employed the dynamic land use regression (LUR) model and mobile phone signal data to illustrate the variation features of group disparity in Shanghai. The results showed that NO exposure followed a bimodal, diurnal variation pattern and remained at a high level on weekdays but decreased on weekends. The most critical at-risk areas were within the central city in areas with a high population density. Moreover, women and the elderly proved to be more exposed to NO pollution in Shanghai. Furthermore, the results of this study showed that it is vital to focus on land-use planning, transportation improvement programs, and population agglomeration to attenuate exposure inequality.
先前有关暴露差异的研究更多地关注空间变化，但忽略了空气污染的时间变化；因此，有必要从时空变化的角度探讨群体差异，以协助制定有关公共卫生的政策。本研究采用动态土地利用回归（LUR）模型和移动电话信号数据，说明了上海群体差异的变化特征。结果表明，NO 暴露呈双峰、昼夜变化模式，在工作日保持高水平，但在周末降低。人口密度高的市中心地区是最关键的高危地区。此外，上海的女性和老年人被证明更容易受到 NO 污染的影响。此外，本研究结果表明，必须重视土地利用规划、交通改善计划和人口集聚，以减轻暴露不平等。
