Hassan Eman O, Shoala Tahsin, Attia Amany M F, Badr Omnia A M, Mahmoud Sabry Y M, Farrag Eman S H, El-Fiki Ibrahim A I
Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Banha 13511, Egypt.
Environmental Biotechnology Department, College of Biotechnology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza 12563, Egypt.
J Fungi (Basel). 2022 May 16;8(5):509. doi: 10.3390/jof8050509.
The rapid spread of late wilt disease among maize cultivations has resulted in serious economic losses in many countries. is the main cause of this destructive vascular disease. Here we evaluate the fungicidal activity of chitosan and nano-chitosan against six aggressive isolates of collected from different Egyptian governorates. Pathogenicity tests for these isolates show that the highest disease severity was found for the Giza isolate. The isolates were tested for their response to the fungicide Permis, chitosan, and nano-chitosan treatments in vitro and in vivo. Nano-chitosan treatments fully inhibited the radial growth of isolates at concentrations of 5 and 10 mM, compared to the full control growth (9 cm in diameter). On the other hand, in vitro, in vivo, and molecular diagnosis results showed high antifungal activity of chitosan and nano-chitosan compared to the Permis fungicide. Chitosan at the nano and normal scales proved a potent ability to enhance plant resistance in response to . Disease severity (DS%) was extremely decreased among the tested cultivars by using nano-chitosan; the highest percentage was obtained on Giza 178 cv, where the DS% was 21.7% compared to 42.3% for the control. Meanwhile, the lowest percentage was obtained on Giza 180 cv with DS% 31.2 and the control with 41.3%. The plants treated with nano-chitosan showed the highest growth parameters for all cultivars. Such natural treatments could reduce the impact on the environment as they are non-pollutant natural compounds, protect the plants by reducing fungal activity, and induce plant resistance.
玉米晚疫病在玉米种植区的迅速传播已在许多国家造成了严重的经济损失。 是这种毁灭性维管束病害的主要病因。在此，我们评估了壳聚糖和纳米壳聚糖对从埃及不同省份收集的六种致病力强的 分离株的杀菌活性。对这些分离株的致病性测试表明，吉萨分离株的病害严重程度最高。对这些分离株在体外和体内对杀菌剂Permis、壳聚糖和纳米壳聚糖处理的反应进行了测试。与完全对照生长（直径9厘米）相比，纳米壳聚糖处理在5和10 mM浓度下完全抑制了 分离株的径向生长。另一方面，体外、体内和分子诊断结果表明，与Permis杀菌剂相比，壳聚糖和纳米壳聚糖具有较高的抗真菌活性。纳米级和普通级的壳聚糖都显示出增强植物对 反应的抗性的强大能力。通过使用纳米壳聚糖，测试品种中的病害严重程度（DS%）大幅降低；在吉萨178品种上获得的百分比最高，其DS%为21.7%，而对照为42.3%。同时，在吉萨180品种上获得的百分比最低，DS%为31.2%，对照为41.3%。用纳米壳聚糖处理的植株在所有品种中都表现出最高的生长参数。这种天然处理方法可以减少对环境的影响，因为它们是无污染的天然化合物，通过降低真菌活性来保护植物，并诱导植物抗性。
