Lin Pai-Cheng, Ko Chih-Hung, Yen Ju-Yu
Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan.
Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan.
J Pers Med. 2022 May 18;12(5):819. doi: 10.3390/jpm12050819.
Cognitive and somatic symptoms were vital factors in developing personalized treatment of depressive disorder. The study aimed to evaluate the following: (1) the cognitive and somatic symptoms of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) in the early luteal (EL) and later luteal (LL) phase; and (2) their association with depression and functional impairment of PMDD.
We prospectively evaluated executive function, emotion regulation, cognitive and somatic symptoms, and depression in the EL and LL phases in women with PMDD. Sixty-three women with PMDD and 53 healthy controls completed Simon's task and questionnaire to assess emotion regulation, inattention, fatigue, insomnia, and depression.
Women with PMDD had a poor performance in Simon's task during the LL phase. They were less likely to exercise cognitive reappraisal during EL and LL phases. Their cognitive reappraisal positively correlated with executive function and negatively associated with depression. In the LL phase, they also experience higher inattention, insomnia, and fatigue, which correlate with the depression and functional impairment of PMDD. Inattention is the most associated factor of PMDD and functional impairment in controlling depression.
Executive function was impaired in women with PMDD during the LL phase. Its performance correlated positively with emotion regulation and negatively with depression. The association between inattention and PMDD functional impairment indicates that evaluation and intervention for cognitive impairment were essential in treating women with PMDD. Further studies were required to elucidate the possible etiology underlying these associations.
认知和躯体症状是制定抑郁症个性化治疗方案的关键因素。本研究旨在评估以下内容：（1）经前烦躁障碍（PMDD）在黄体早期（EL）和黄体后期（LL）的认知和躯体症状；（2）它们与PMDD的抑郁及功能损害之间的关联。
我们前瞻性地评估了PMDD女性在EL期和LL期的执行功能、情绪调节、认知和躯体症状以及抑郁情况。63名PMDD女性和53名健康对照完成了西蒙任务及评估情绪调节、注意力不集中、疲劳、失眠和抑郁的问卷。
PMDD女性在LL期的西蒙任务中表现较差。她们在EL期和LL期进行认知重评的可能性较小。她们的认知重评与执行功能呈正相关，与抑郁呈负相关。在LL期，她们还存在更高的注意力不集中、失眠和疲劳，这些与PMDD的抑郁及功能损害相关。注意力不集中是控制抑郁时PMDD与功能损害最相关的因素。
PMDD女性在LL期执行功能受损。其表现与情绪调节呈正相关，与抑郁呈负相关。注意力不集中与PMDD功能损害之间的关联表明，对认知障碍的评估和干预在治疗PMDD女性时至关重要。需要进一步研究以阐明这些关联背后可能的病因。
