Mandujano Angélica, Golubov Melissa
Departamento de Atención a la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco, Mexico City 04960, Mexico.
Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Life (Basel). 2022 May 8;12(5):703. doi: 10.3390/life12050703.
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease with three pathogenic hallmarks, i.e., inflammation, vasculopathy, and fibrosis. A wide plethora of animal models have been developed to address the complex pathophysiology and for the development of possible anti-fibrotic treatments. However, no current model comprises all three pathological mechanisms of the disease. To highlight the lack of a complete model, a review of some of the most widely used animal models for SSc was performed. In addition, to date, no model has accomplished the recreation of primary or secondary Raynaud's phenomenon, a key feature in SSc. In humans, nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) has been used to evaluate secondary Raynaud's phenomenon and microvasculature changes in SSc. Being a non-invasive technique, it is widely used both in clinical studies and as a tool for clinical evaluation. Because of this, its potential use in animal models has been neglected. We evaluated NFC in guinea pigs to investigate the possibility of applying this technique to study microcirculation in the nailfold of animal models and in the future, development of an animal model for Raynaud's phenomenon. The applications are not only to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of vasculopathy but can also be used in the development of novel treatment options.
系统性硬化症（SSc）是一种自身免疫性疾病，具有三个致病特征，即炎症、血管病变和纤维化。为了阐明其复杂的病理生理学并开发可能的抗纤维化治疗方法，人们已经建立了大量的动物模型。然而，目前尚无一种模型包含该疾病的所有三种病理机制。为了突出缺乏完整模型这一情况，我们对一些最广泛使用的SSc动物模型进行了综述。此外，迄今为止，尚无模型成功再现原发性或继发性雷诺现象，而这是SSc的一个关键特征。在人类中，甲襞毛细血管镜检查（NFC）已被用于评估SSc中的继发性雷诺现象和微血管变化。作为一种非侵入性技术，它在临床研究和临床评估中都得到了广泛应用。正因如此，其在动物模型中的潜在应用被忽视了。我们在豚鼠中评估了NFC，以研究将该技术应用于研究动物模型甲襞微循环以及未来开发雷诺现象动物模型的可能性。其应用不仅可以阐明血管病变的病理生理机制，还可用于开发新的治疗方案。
