Abramicheva Polina A, Plotnikov Egor Y
Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 117997 Moscow, Russia.
Life (Basel). 2022 May 16;12(5):737. doi: 10.3390/life12050737.
Fibrosis is a severe complication of many acute and chronic kidney pathologies. According to current concepts, an imbalance in the synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix by fibroblasts is considered the key cause of the induction and progression of fibrosis. Nevertheless, inflammation associated with the damage of tissue cells is among the factors promoting this pathological process. Most of the mechanisms accompanying fibrosis development are controlled by various hormones, which makes humoral regulation an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. In this vein, it is particularly interesting that the kidney is the source of many hormones, while other hormones regulate renal functions. The normal kidney physiology and pathogenesis of many kidney diseases are sex-dependent and thus modulated by sex hormones. Therefore, when choosing therapy, it is necessary to focus on the sex-associated characteristics of kidney functioning. In this review, we considered renal fibrosis from the point of view of vasoactive and reproductive hormone imbalance. The hormonal therapy possibilities for the treatment or prevention of kidney fibrosis are also discussed.
纤维化是许多急慢性肾脏疾病的严重并发症。根据当前的概念，成纤维细胞合成和降解细胞外基质的失衡被认为是纤维化诱导和进展的关键原因。然而，与组织细胞损伤相关的炎症是促进这一病理过程的因素之一。纤维化发展过程中伴随的大多数机制受各种激素控制，这使得体液调节成为治疗干预的一个有吸引力的靶点。从这个角度来看，特别有趣的是肾脏是许多激素的来源，而其他激素则调节肾脏功能。许多肾脏疾病的正常肾脏生理学和发病机制具有性别依赖性，因此受性激素调节。因此，在选择治疗方法时，有必要关注肾脏功能的性别相关特征。在这篇综述中，我们从血管活性激素和生殖激素失衡的角度考虑了肾纤维化。还讨论了治疗或预防肾纤维化的激素治疗可能性。
